近年来脑出血患者死亡率、致残率始终位于高位，而出血后脑水肿则是影响预后的主要因素。针对脑水肿的治疗目前尚缺乏无创而有效的手段。本课题对脑出血水肿期患者应用芯片杂交的方法检测其外周血及出血灶周组织特异性microRNA表达谱，以发现特异性表达的microRNA，并应用实时荧光定量PCR对其进行进一步验证；分析外周血和灶周组织microRNA表达谱之间是否具有同步相关性。在此基础上，通过生物信息学软件预测特异性表达的microRNA可能的靶基因；挑选出预测靶基因为AQP-1、AQP-4、VCAM-1和MMP-9的microRNA，最后在细胞水平通过构建荧光素酶报告系统证实二者之间的关系，以期望发现外周血中可预测脑水肿的特异性microRNA类生物标记物，阐明脑出血后水肿可能的分子机制，从而为脑出血后灶周水肿的监测和治疗提供理论依据。

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is one of significant causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Cerebral edema after hemorrhage is the main factor affecting the prognosis. However, in clinical practice, we are still lack of non-invasive and effective treatment of cerebral edema to date. In this study, we focus on the microRNAs expressed both in the brain and in the peripheral blood of patients with cerebral edema utilizing oligonucleotide microarray. The selected microRNAs should be validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the relationship of the microRNAs between the brain tissue and the peripheral blood will be analysed. On this basis, using bioinformatic method, the prediction of the microRNAs target genes and selection of the microRNAs whose target genes are AQP-1, AQP-4, VCAM-1 or MMP-9 will be performed. At last, at the cellular level, the relationship between selected microRNAs and their target genes will be testified by luciferase reporter assay. The purpose of our study is to uncover the microRNA as the special biological marker in the blood of patients and the role of microRNAs in the molecular pathogenesis of cerebral edema in order to explore a new direction in clinical monitrition and treatment.