多倍体荠菜的起源研究

植物中很多物种都是多倍体，包括许多重要的经济作物，如小麦、棉花、猕猴桃等。对多倍体植物的进化及起源的研究是进化生物学长期以来非常关注的核心科学问题，无论在理论上还是实践中都具有重大的研究价值。十字花科的荠菜是个典型的四倍体植物，同时也是拟南芥的近缘种，荠菜是世界上最成功的物种之一。对该物种的起源有许多研究，但截止目前，对于其起源历史仍不清楚。本研究拟通过大尺度的居群采样，利用分子标记及基因组数据并通过模拟分析的方法来揭示四倍体荠菜的起源历史。同时通过本研究为进一步地探讨四倍体荠菜是如何能够成为最成功的物种提供基本数据；为探讨多倍体植物的起源及进化提供关键的理论基础及具体实证。

Polyploidy plays an important role in the evolution and diversification of plants. There are many economically important plants are polyploid as well, such as wheat, cotton, and kiwi fruit. Evolution and orgin of polyploidy is a fundamentally important question since the beginning of last century. Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae), relative of Arabidopsis thaliana, is a typical polyploid species with worldwide distriution and one of the most successful plants on the earth. Despite many studies about its origin, it is ambiguous about its origin so far. In this study, we want to clarify the origin of this polyploid species via sequence data and coalencence method. At the same time, this will provide solid foundation for the understanding of adaptation of this successful polyploid species.