小麦籽粒蛋白质含量及其相关品质性状关联分析与候选基因作用机制解析

提高小麦品质仍是当前我国小麦品种改良与生产中面临的突出问题。籽粒蛋白质含量的高低和质量的好坏是小麦品质遗传改良的关键和基础。因此，挖掘更多的籽粒蛋白质含量及其相关品质性状基因/QTL对于小麦品质遗传改良具有十分重要的意义。.前期我们以486份冬小麦为材料，在90K芯片基因型分析基础上，通过两年三点试验，对籽粒蛋白质含量及其相关品质性状进行全基因组关联分析，鉴定到多个环境稳定的基因/QTL，其中6A染色体上一个控制籽粒蛋白质含量的QTL（QGpc.cau-6A.1），在所测试的所有环境下均稳定表达。在此基础上，本课题拟将对控制小麦籽粒蛋白质含量及其相关品质性状的基因/QTL，特别是QGpc.cau-6A.1做进一步研究。从候选基因/QTL的KASP标记开发、位点遗传效应分析、等位变异筛选、候选基因功能验证、优异等位变异育种潜力分析等层面进行深入研究，预期为小麦品质遗传改良提供新思路和优异基因

It is a striking problem to improve wheat quality in wheat genetic improvement and production in China. The grain protein content and its related quality are the key and foundation of wheat quality genetic improvement. Therefore, it is very important to find more genes/QTLs related to grain protein content and its related quality traits in wheat for genetic improvement of wheat quality traits. .In previous study, we used 486 winter wheat varieties/lines to investigate genetic basis and mechanism of grain protein content and its related quality traits. On the basis of 90K microarray genotype analysis of 486 winter wheat varieties/lines, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for grain protein content（GPC) and its related quality traits were conducted at three places for consecutive two years to identify genes/QTLs with multi-environment stability. It was found that there was a candidate gene/QTL on 6A chromosome (QGpc.Cau-6A.1) closely related to grain protein content, and QGpc.Cau-6A.1 was stably expressed in multiple environments. On this basis, this study will further explore the quality traits of wheat grain protein, especially QGpc.Cau-6A.1. The research will focus on the development of KASP marker of candidate gene/QTL, the analysis of genetic effect of candidate loci, the screening of allelic variation of candidate gene, the function verification of candidate gene, and the application potential analysis of elite allelic variation. It is expected to provide new ideas and elite gene resources for wheat quality genetic improvement, and deepen the understanding of the molecular basis of wheat grain protein content and its related quality traits.