Plant volatile eliciting FACs in lepidopteran caterpillars, fruit flies, and crickets: a convergent evolution or phylogenetic inheritance?
Plant volatile eliciting FACs in lepidopteran caterpillars, fruit flies, and crickets: a convergent evolution or phylogenetic inheritance?
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2014.00121
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Mori N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoshinaga N;Abe H;Morita S;Yoshida T;Aboshi T;Fukui M;Tumlinson JH;Mori N
脂肪酸氨基酸偶联物（FACs）最早在鳞翅目毛虫唾液中被鉴定为植物挥发性排放物的激发子，也被报道为黑腹果蝇和台湾蟋蟀肠道的主要成分。这两种昆虫中FAC类似物的分布与烟草角虫Manduca sexta相似，显示谷氨酸偶联物多于谷氨酰胺偶联物。FACs的生理功能可能是促进斜纹夜蛾幼虫的氮同化，但在其他昆虫中完全未知。这些昆虫是否有共同的FACs合成机制也不清楚。本研究在五种鳞翅目（sexta、Cephonodes hylas、家蚕、S. litura和Mythimna separata）、果蝇幼虫和T. taiwanemma中体外研究了FACs的生物合成。所有被试昆虫的新鲜中肠组织在体外与谷氨酰胺和亚麻酸钠孵育时显示出合成谷氨酰胺偶联物的能力。谷氨酸偶联物在所有昆虫中均有直接偶联，但产物量很少，不能反映每种昆虫体内的FAC模式。在果蝇幼虫中，谷氨酰胺缀合物的优势可以解释为中肠组织中缺乏底物谷氨酰胺，并且在M. sexta中，谷氨酰胺缀合物的快速水解已被报道。在蟋蟀中，我们发现了另一种独特的谷氨酸偶联物的生物合成途径。通过脱氨谷氨酰胺侧链，将谷氨酰胺偶联物转化为谷氨酸偶联物。考虑到这些发现和之前的结果，不能排除这些昆虫中的谷氨酰胺偶联物是趋同进化的结果的可能性，但更有可能的是，祖先昆虫具有谷氨酰胺偶联物，而蟋蟀和其他昆虫以不同的方式发展谷氨酰胺偶联物。
Fatty acid amino acid conjugates (FACs), first identified in lepidopteran caterpillar spit as elicitors of plant volatile emission, also have been reported as major components in gut tracts of Drosophila melanogaster and cricket Teleogryllus taiwanemma. The profile of FAC analogs in these two insects was similar to that of tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, showing glutamic acid conjugates predominantly over glutamine conjugates. The physiological function of FACs is presumably to enhance nitrogen assimilation in Spodoptera litura larvae, but in other insects it is totally unknown. Whether these insects share a common synthetic mechanism of FACs is also unclear. In this study, the biosynthesis of FACs was examined in vitro in five lepidopteran species (M. sexta, Cephonodes hylas, silkworm, S. litura, and Mythimna separata), fruit fly larvae and T. taiwanemma. The fresh midgut tissues of all of the tested insects showed the ability to synthesize glutamine conjugates in vitro when incubated with glutamine and sodium linolenate. Such direct conjugation was also observed for glutamic acid conjugates in all the insects but the product amount was very small and did not reflect the in vivo FAC patterns in each species. In fruit fly larvae, the predominance of glutamic acid conjugates could be explained by a shortage of substrate glutamine in midgut tissues, and in M. sexta, a rapid hydrolysis of glutamine conjugates has been reported. In crickets, we found an additional unique biosynthetic pathway for glutamic acid conjugates. T. taiwanemma converted glutamine conjugates to glutamic acid conjugates by deaminating the side chain of the glutamine moiety. Considering these findings together with previous results, a possibility that FACs in these insects are results of convergent evolution cannot be ruled out, but it is more likely that the ancestral insects had the glutamine conjugates and crickets and other insects developed glutamic acid conjugates in a different way.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1232474100
发表时间：
2003-06-10
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Lait, CG;Alborn, HT;Tumlinson, JH
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.23.13971
发表时间：
1998-11-10
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Yoshinaga, Naoko;Aboshi, Takako;Mori, Naoki
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
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