Open release of male mosquitoes infected with a wolbachia biopesticide: field performance and infection containment.
Open release of male mosquitoes infected with a wolbachia biopesticide: field performance and infection containment.
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开放释放被沃尔巴氏菌生物农药感染的雄性蚊子：野外性能和感染遏制。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0001797
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Dobson SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Connor L;Plichart C;Sang AC;Brelsfoard CL;Bossin HC;Dobson SL
淋巴丝虫病是一种全球重大疾病，在83个国家中有13亿人处于危险之中。通过对整个高危人群进行年度大杀丝虫预防的协调努力，成功地在多个区域影响和消除了低频传播。然而，南太平洋的一些地区预计将继续成为传播地点，部分原因是蚊子媒介的生物学，这导致了对加强药物治疗的更多工具的呼吁。在对抗入侵蚊子和媒介传播疾病的努力中，针对蚊子的自杀性策略正在卷土重来，例如，转基因蚊子的现场试验和沃尔巴克氏菌种群的替代。然而，必须在预期进行全面的现场试验时解决关键问题，包括评估转基因雄性的现场竞争力和意外人口替换的风险。我们报告了使用沃尔巴克氏菌作为生物杀虫剂的策略的田间试验结果。这一策略是基于沃尔巴克氏杆菌引起的条件性不育，也就是所谓的细胞质不亲和，以及反复释放不相容的雄性以抑制种群。对沃尔巴克氏菌生物杀虫剂方法的批评是，意外释放雌性或水平传播沃尔巴克氏菌会导致种群替换而不是抑制。我们介绍了实验室和现场实验的结果，评估了转基因雄鼠的竞争力和它们通过水平传播传播沃尔巴克氏菌的能力。结果表明，在30周的开放放散期内，转Wolbachia基因的多尼斯伊蚊雄蚊在野外条件下具有竞争性，释放点雌蚊的标记、释放、再捕获和孵化失败都表明了这一点。实验证明，雄性白纹伊蚊是沃尔巴克氏菌的“死胡同”，而且这种方法足以防止野外种群的更替。这些发现鼓励继续开发和推广沃尔巴克氏自杀性方法来治疗其他医学上重要的蚊子物种。需要更多的工具来减轻南太平洋地区的蚊媒疾病，包括人类淋巴丝虫病。沃尔巴克氏菌是一种专性胞内细菌，存在于大多数昆虫物种中，会导致蚊子的一种条件性不育。前期工作表明，人工感染沃尔巴克氏菌的波氏伊蚊雄性蚊子在实验室内可以有效地使野生型雌性蚊子绝育，这表明沃尔巴克氏菌作为一种重要的医学杀虫剂具有潜在的应用前景。作为发展沃尔巴克氏菌杀虫剂方法的关键中间步骤，我们报告了感染雄虫的田间竞争力和感染雄虫意外水平传播的风险。实验室笼养试验和为期30周的开放释放现场试验的结果提供了证据，证明沃尔巴克氏菌不会从感染的雄性体内水平传播。此外，现场试验提供了感染的雄性与土著雌性配偶竞争的证据，如孵化失败和由此造成的种群水平影响所表明的那样。在雄性放生期间或之后，目标种群中没有检测到残留的沃尔巴克氏菌，这表明被释放的雄性是沃尔巴克氏菌的“死胡同宿主”。我们讨论了与疾病控制方法相关的结果，该方法将媒介控制与现有的针对LF的措施相结合。
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a globally significant disease, with 1.3 billion persons in 83 countries at risk. A coordinated effort of administering annual macrofilaricidal prophylactics to the entire at-risk population has succeeded in impacting and eliminating LF transmission in multiple regions. However, some areas in the South Pacific are predicted to persist as transmission sites, due in part to the biology of the mosquito vector, which has led to a call for additional tools to augment drug treatments. Autocidal strategies against mosquitoes are resurging in the effort against invasive mosquitoes and vector borne disease, with examples that include field trials of genetically modified mosquitoes and Wolbachia population replacement. However, critical questions must be addressed in anticipation of full field trials, including assessments of field competitiveness of transfected males and the risk of unintended population replacement. We report the outcome of field experiments testing a strategy that employs Wolbachia as a biopesticide. The strategy is based upon Wolbachia-induced conditional sterility, known as cytoplasmic incompatibility, and the repeated release of incompatible males to suppress a population. A criticism of the Wolbachia biopesticide approach is that unintended female release or horizontal Wolbachia transmission can result in population replacement instead of suppression. We present the outcome of laboratory and field experiments assessing the competitiveness of transfected males and their ability to transmit Wolbachia via horizontal transmission. The results demonstrate that Wolbachia-transfected Aedes polynesiensis males are competitive under field conditions during a thirty-week open release period, as indicated by mark, release, recapture and brood-hatch failure among females at the release site. Experiments demonstrate the males to be ‘dead end hosts’ for Wolbachia and that methods were adequate to prevent population replacement at the field site. The findings encourage the continued development and extension of a Wolbachia autocidal approach to additional medically important mosquito species. Additional tools are required to mitigate mosquito borne disease in the South Pacific, including human lymphatic filariasis (LF). Wolbachia are obligate intracellular bacteria that occur in a majority of insect species and that cause a form of conditional sterility in mosquitoes. Prior work demonstrates that male Aedes polynesiensis mosquitoes, which are artificially infected with Wolbachia (i.e., transinfected) can effectively sterilize wild type females in the laboratory, suggesting the potential applied use of Wolbachia as a pesticide for this medically important mosquito. As a critical intermediate step toward the development of the Wolbachia pesticide approach, we report on the field competitiveness of transinfected males and the risk of accidental horizontal transmission of Wolbachia from transinfected males. The outcome of laboratory cage trials and a thirty-week open release field trial provide evidence against horizontal transmission of Wolbachia from the transinfected males. Additionally, the field trial provides evidence for the competitiveness of transinfected males for indigenous female mates, as indicated by the failure of brood hatch and a resulting population level impact. No residual Wolbachia was detected in the targeted population during or after the male releases, showing released males to be ‘dead end hosts’ for Wolbachia. We discuss the results in relation to a disease control approach that integrates vector control with existing measures against LF.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Brelsfoard, C. L.;Dobson, S. L.
通讯作者：
Dobson, S. L.
影响因子：
46.9
作者：
Harris, Angela F.;Nimmo, Derric;Alphey, Luke
通讯作者：
Alphey, Luke
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Calvitti, Maurizio;Moretti, Riccardo;Dobson, Stephen L.
通讯作者：
Dobson, Stephen L.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Chen, Chun-Hong;Huang, Haixia;Hay, Bruce A.
通讯作者：
Hay, Bruce A.
影响因子：
0.7
作者：
Nishikawa, Akira
通讯作者：
Nishikawa, Akira