Constraints on the Choice of Work Hours

这是研究中一个非常有趣和重要的研究项目 美国劳动力市场。 它解决了关于 员工对他们想要工作的小时数的看法 与他们实际花在工作上的时间相比。 直观 有人可能会认为，对于给定的工资，大多数人会选择更多， 休闲时间比他们有。 然而，过去的经验工作， 卡恩教授和朗教授提供了有力的证据， 事实恰恰相反。 利用小组研究中的问题， 收入动态他们估计几乎75%的人 受访者对他们在工作上花费的时间有限制。 这些工人中有一半宁愿工作不同数量的 实际工作的时间，令人惊讶的是，近90%的人 如果可以的话，他们会花更多的时间在工作上。 该项目 重要的是，这样的结果提供了强有力的指示， 美国的工作时间限制和就业不足。 这个项目研究了劳动力市场固有的限制因素 这使得人们无法在休闲时间和 他们认为最适合他们的工作时间。 特别是卡恩教授和朗教授研究了两个分析 劳动力参与模式。 两款车型均采用 公司和工人之间隐含的合同， 两者都可以通过观察时间限制如何随时间变化来测试。 工人任期。 收入小组研究的横截面数据 动力学包括一些问题，这些问题使研究人员能够确定 对于一个特定的工人来说，这个人有更多的工作机会， 一系列的研究表明， 工作任期与工作时间限制之间的相关性。 低任期的工作通常有一个限制，其中工人花费更多 工作时间比他们希望的要长，而在高级职位上， 限制了他们的工作。 这个项目 还测试了工作任期和工作时间之间的对应关系， 以及工作时间和工会之间的关系 参与的 卡恩教授和朗教授验证了他们的结果 通过与使用不同数据集的类似研究进行比较， 通过对受访者进行深入调查， 收入动态的小组研究。

This is a very interesting and important research project in the study of the U.S. labor market. It addresses several questions about the way workers perceive the number of hours they would like to work versus the amount of time they actually spend at work. Intuitively one might think that for a given wage, most people would prefer more leisure time than they have. However, past empirical work by Professor Kahn and Professor Lang has provided strong evidence that just the opposite is true. Using questions from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics they estimate that almost 75% of the people interviewed have constraints on the amount of time they spend at work. One half of those workers would prefer to work a different number of hours than they actually work, and surprisingly, nearly 90% of them would spend more time at work if they were able. The project is important in that such a result provides strong indications of significant hours of work constraints and underemployment in the U.S. This project examines the constraints inherent in the labor market which keep people from making the tradeoff between leisure time and work time which they perceive to be best for them. Specifically Professor Kahn and Professor Lang examine two analytical models of labor force participation. Both models incorporate contracts which are implicitly understood between firms and workers, and both can be tested by seeing how hours constraints vary with worker tenure. Cross sectional data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics include questions that allow researchers to ascertain whether for a particular worker that person had more work available, wanted to work more, or wanted to work less. A series of studies have shown a correlation between job tenure and the constraints on hours of work. Low tenure jobs typically have a constraint wherein workers spend more time at work than they wish, while in high tenure jobs people are constrained from working as much as they would like. This project also tests the correspondence between job tenure and time at work, as well as the relationship between hours of work and union participation. Professor Kahn and Professor Lang verify their results by comparing them with similar studies using different data sets, and by conducting their own in-depth survey of the respondents in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics.