Social Categorization and Intergroup Relations

对群体间关系的广泛社会心理分析 将来自许多不同实质性领域的理论纳入 外地 这项研究采取了这些理论之一， 部分，并试图进一步发展其应用， 群体关系。 具体而言，它检查了 调节类别的突出性的因素， 相互作用的群体的成员归属。 它评估了 社会类别的显著性对各种偏见的测量， 敌意和社会认可。 它假设负的 影响和偏见，当针对社会成员时， 类别，是功能失调的群体生产力和 助长群体间冲突。 该研究建立在一个理论模型上， 社会范畴突显与群际关系 实验室范式研究其影响时， 两个或多个小组的成员合作解决一个 群体问题 一些研究将创建两个人工组 一群陌生人被带到实验室。 到 将他们的结果与“现实世界”的情况相结合，其他 研究将在概念上复制他们的成员， 自然社会类别-例如种族群体， 通勤学生和兄弟会学生。 非 随意面部肌电反应和其他 心理生理测量程序，最大限度地减少 自我表征关注的侵入将在 研究与组间实验相协调。 的 研究采用多种相关措施来说明 更好的基础过程，而且还应 理论模型在预测 不同的响应系统。 此外，研究认为， 在最近的概念分析中提出的理论问题， 群体间关系 强调变量的实际应用非常重要 理论模型并不需要受过高度训练 人员保持与个人的直接互动， 为了改善团队间的关系， 关系 相反，它们转化为简单的规则 关于组建和指导工作队的程序。

Broad social-psychological analyses of intergroup relations incorporate theory from many diverse substantive domains within the field. This research takes one of these theoretical segments and attempts to develop further its application to group relations. Specifically, it examines the effects of factors that regulate the salience of the category to which members of interacting groups belong. It assesses the effects of social category salience on various measures of bias, hostility, and social acceptance. It assumes that negative affect and prejudice, when directed toward members of social categories, are dysfunctional to group productivity and contribute to intergroup conflict. The research builds on a theoretical model concerned with social category salience and intergroup relations and an experimental laboratory paradigm for studying its effects when members of two or more groups work cooperatively to solve a group problem. Some studies will create two artificial groups from a set of strangers brought into the laboratory. To integrate their outcomes with "real-world" situations, other studies will conceptually replicate them with members of natural social categories -- e.g. racial ethnic groups, commuter students versus fraternity row students. Non- voluntary facial electromyographic responses and other psychophysiological measurement procedures that minimize the intrusion of self presentational concerns will be examined in studies coordinated with the intergroup experiments. The studies employ multiple dependent measures to illuminate underlying process better, but also in response to the fact that theoretical models differ in their predictions for different response systems. Additionally, the studies consider theoretical issues raised in recent conceptual analyses of intergroup relations. Practical applications of the variables stressed as important by the theoretical model do not require that highly trained personnel maintain direct interaction with the individuals in a workteam over the course of time in order to improve intergroup relations. Instead, they translate into simple rules concerning procedures for forming and instructing workteams.