Labor Market Segmentation and Gender Stratification: A Cross National Analysis

性别社会学中的一个长期问题是男女收入不平等。对于这种不平等，人们提出了各种解释，包括歧视、妇女的家庭责任、男女人力资本的差异以及其他特征。这些因素还产生了职业隔离，即男性和女性从事不同的工作(劳动力市场分割)，这反过来又加剧了工资不平等。这项研究探讨了男性和女性收入不平等的程度和原因。利用已经从11个发达工业化国家收集的数据，这项研究将考察这些国家内部和之间的差异，即男性和女性的劳动力市场位置、家庭状况和人力资本是如何影响收入的。由于这些国家在劳资关系体系、政治和经济机构、促进(或阻碍)工作和家庭角色整合的政策以及其他特征方面存在很大差异，本研究设计将有助于确定这些因素如何分割劳动力市场并导致收入中的性别不平等。这项研究借鉴并扩展了现有的对收入性别差距的社会学和经济学解释。它的主要贡献将是按国家系统地探索差异，并试图根据国家之间的政治、经济、社会和文化差异来解释这些差异。

A perennial problem in the sociology of gender concerns the inequality of earnings between men and women. Various explanations have been offered for this inequality, including discrimination, women's family responsibilities, and differences in men's and women's human capital and other characteristics. These factors also produce occupational segregation, wherein men and women occupy different jobs (labor market segmentation), which in turn contributes to wage inequality. This research explores the extent of, and reasons for, earnings inequality among men and women. Using already collected data from 11 advanced industrialized countries, the study will examine differences within and between these countries in how earnings are shaped by men's and women's labor market locations, family statuses, and human capital. Since these countries differ considerably in their industrial relations systems, political and economic institutions, policies facilitating (or hindering) the integration of work and family roles, and other characteristics this research design will be useful in identifying how these factors segment labor markets and contribute to gender inequality in earnings. The study draws on and extends existing sociological and economic explanations of the gender gap in earnings. Its principal contribution will be the systematic exploration of differences by country and the attempt to explain them on the basis of political, economic, social, and cultural differences among nations.