Labor Market Insecurity and Perceived Employability

北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校随着就业变得更加不稳定和不确定，工人们一直被建议要让自己在劳动力市场上受欢迎。因此，感知就业能力，或工人对自己找到一份可接受工作的能力的信念，成为当代劳动力市场研究的一个基本问题。如果有工作的人相信，如果他们失去了现在的工作，他们可以找到一份新的、类似的工作，那么他们的压力就会减轻。那些觉得自己可以被雇佣的失业工人更有动力继续找工作。虽然感知就业能力受到个人属性的影响，但社会环境也会影响它。本项目研究劳动力市场制度和公共政策的国家差异如何与就业和失业工人对其就业能力的看法相关。研究人员假设，促进劳动力市场灵活性或帮助工人获得适用化技能的政策，以及经济状况，都能增强人们的就业能力。了解这些制度和政策如何影响个人的看法，有助于更好地理解社会环境如何影响人们的心理健康和职业成果。这些知识对于设计有效的社会和经济政策至关重要，这些政策旨在帮助个人管理与劳动力市场日益增加的不确定性相关的风险；它对于告知个人有关教育和培训选择的决定也至关重要，这些选择可能有助于他们获得有意义和有回报的工作。因此，除了研究劳动力市场、工作和不平等的学者外，研究人员还将与政策制定者、就业和失业个人分享该项目的结果。工人如何看待他们找工作的能力，劳动力市场政策如何影响这种评估？现有的研究表明，经济和监管条件都会影响工人对就业前景的评估。市场经济中的工人往往比刚性劳动力市场中的工人对自己的就业能力更有信心，在刚性劳动力市场中，劳动力市场从工作到工作或从失业到就业的转变更加困难。这项试点研究考察了促进向新工作过渡的劳动力市场政策与工人对其就业能力的看法之间的关系。这项研究有两个主要目标。首先，研究人员使用来自欧洲、东亚、北美和大洋洲的国际调查数据来检查政策与就业和失业工人的感知就业能力之间的联系。他们假设，当失业率低、劳动力市场灵活、国家提供帮助工人重新就业的支持时，感知就业能力会更高。其次，研究人员使用来自英国的纵向面板数据来评估失业工人对就业能力的感知如何影响未来就业的可能性。

SES-1626886Arne KallebergLindsey KingUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillAs employment becomes more precarious and uncertain, workers are consistently advised to keep themselves sought-after in the labor market. Hence, perceived employability, or workers' beliefs in their ability to find an acceptable job, emerges as a fundamental issue for contemporary labor market research. Employed workers experience less stress when they are confident they can find a new, comparable job if they lose their present one. Unemployed workers who feel they are employable are more motivated to keep searching for jobs. While perceived employability is influenced by individuals' attributes, societal contexts also affect it. This project examines how country differences in labor market institutions and public policies are related to employed and unemployed workers' perceptions of their employability. The investigators hypothesize that perceived employability is bolstered by policies that promote labor market flexibility or help workers gain marketable skills, net of economic conditions. Understanding how these institutions and policies affect individuals' perceptions helps to comprehend better how social contexts matter for people's psychological well-being and career outcomes. This knowledge is essential for designing effective social and economic policies intended to help individuals manage the risks associated with the increasing uncertainty characterizing labor markets; it is also crucial for informing individuals' decisions about educational and training alternatives that are likely to help them to secure meaningful and rewarding jobs. Thus, the researchers will share the results of the project with policy-makers as well as both employed and unemployed individuals, in addition to scholars studying labor markets, work, and inequality.How do workers perceive their ability to find work, and how do labor market policies shape this evaluation? Existing research suggests that both economic and regulatory conditions shape workers' evaluations of their employment prospects. Workers in market-oriented economies tend to be more confident in their employability than those in rigid labor markets, where labor market transitions from job to job or unemployment to employment are more difficult. This pilot study examines the relationship between labor market policies that facilitate transitions into new jobs and workers' perceptions of their employability. The research has two main objectives. First, the investigators use international survey data from Europe, East Asia, North America, and Oceania to examine the links between policy and perceived employability among both employed and unemployed workers. They hypothesize that perceived employability will be greater when unemployment is low, labor markets are flexible, and when countries provide support that helps workers become re-employed. Second, the researchers use longitudinal panel data from the United Kingdom to assess how employability perceptions impact the likelihood of future employment among unemployed workers.