Metabolic and Ultrastructural Adaptations to Chronically Cold Body Temperature in Antarctic Fishes

南极鱼类进化的热条件 在地球仪的沃茨中出现的物种是独一无二的。 南极的海水温度非常寒冷（接近-1.0 （C）季节性变化不大。 该项目将 表征适应慢性寒冷体温， 肌肉组织的代谢和亚细胞组织， 南极鱼 主要目标是：（1）评估 组织分解大量中性物质的能力 脂质燃料;（2）确定线粒体的相对作用 过氧化物酶β-氧化和底物偏好 （3）评估高风险的可能适应意义 南极鱼类运动过程中皮质脂含量的变化 氧气通过肌肉组织，和;（4）以确定独特的 南极洲组织亚细胞结构的若干问题 鱼类 实验将集中在两个红血（Notothenia gibberifrons，Trematomus newnesi）和一种无血红蛋白 （Chaenocephalus aceratus）鱼类， 南极半岛的沃茨。 结果将更好地定义 南极鱼类高脂肪意义 含量，代表了一个重要的热量来源， 南极生态系统 这些发现也可能适用于生理学 和生物化学的研究表明， 类似的特点，例如，耐力训练， 哺乳动物，包括人类。

Thermal conditions under which the evolution of Antarctic fish species occurred are unique among the the waters of the globe. Sea temperatures in the Antarctic are severely cold (near -l.0 degrees C) and vary little seasonally). This project will characterize adaptations to chronically cold body temperature in metabolism and subcellular organization of muscle tissues from Antarctic fishes. Major objectives are: (1) to assess the catabolic capacity of tissues for breakdown of abundant neutral lipid fuels; (2) to determine the relative roles of mitochondrial and peroxismal beta-oxidation and the substrate preferenda of each; (3) to evaluate the possible adaptive significance of high corporeal lipid content of Antarctic fishes in the movement of oxygen through muscle tissues, and; (4) to identify unique aspects of subcellular organization of tissues in Antarctic fishes. Experiments will focus upon two red-blooded (Notothenia gibberifrons, Trematomus newnesi) and one hemoglobinless (Chaenocephalus aceratus) fish species that are abundant in waters of the Antarctic Peninsula. Results will better define the significance in Antarctic fishes of high corporeal fat content which represents an important caloric resource in the Antarctic ecosystem. Findings may also apply to the physiology and biochemistry of less easily studied muscle systems which show similar characteristics, for example, endurance training in mammalian species, including man.