The Impact of Comparable Worth on Public Sector Labor Demand, Vacancies, Applications and Turnover

至少有七个州已经为政府工作人员实施了可比的价值工资计划，其他几个州也在考虑中。虽然已经进行了一些描述性研究，以帮助各州决定是否通过这项立法，但很少或根本没有关于可比价值对人员更替、职位空缺、申请和工资率的影响的实证工作。本研究的目的是分析可比价值立法对州政府就业的影响。以1980-1989年期间爱荷华州为重点，每年的工资录像带和按工作类别列出的州列表中的数据将按政府部门补充预算信息，以确定关于州政府男女工作人员就业、申请和离职的立法的后果。新员工、离职和工作调动将按性别、工作和部门进行审查。将分析趋势，特别是与性别和职业有关的趋势，并将特别注意政治和经济力量如何修改薪酬提案的执行情况。评估可比价值法对女性就业和工作中的性别划分的影响是非常重要的。这项研究不仅将使各州能够就具有可比性的立法做出更好的决定，而且还应该为工资在帮助公共机构招聘和留住一般员工，特别是女性员工方面发挥的作用提供见解。对可比价值的批评在很大程度上取决于它将对总就业和就业绝对水平产生的影响。这项研究为评估这一批评的正确性提供了一个机会。它还允许在一个引人注目的公共政策领域研究法律的实际影响和执行情况。

Comparable worth pay plans have been implemented in at least seven states for government workers and are being considered in several other states. While there have been a few descriptive studies conducted in order to help states decide whether to adopt the legislation, little or no empirical work has been done on the impact of comparable worth on turnover, job vacancies, applications, and wage rates. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of comparable worth legislation on employment in state government. Focusing on Iowa during the period from 1980-1989, data from annual payroll tapes and state tabulations by job class will be supplemented with budget information by subdivision of government to determine the consequences of the legislation on employment, applications, and turnover of female and male state government workers. New hire, separations, and job transfers will be examined by sex, job, and division. Trends, particularly in relation to gender and occupation, will be analyzed and special attention will be paid to how political and economic forces modify the implementation of pay proposals. It is very important to assess the impact of comparable worth laws on female employment and sex segmentation among jobs. Not only will this research enable states to make better decisions concerning comparable worth legislation, but also it should provide insights into the role which wages play in helping public agencies recruit and retain employees in general and female employees in particular. Much of the criticism of comparable worth rests on claims about the effects it will have on total employment and the absolute level of employment. This study presents an opportunity to evaluate the validity of this criticism. It also permits studying the actual impact and implementation of law in a compelling arena of public policy.