Development of a 3-D Bioacoustic Imaging System

斯克里普斯海洋研究所的海洋物理实验室将开发一种海上三维生物声成像系统。该系统解决了生物海洋学中的一个长期需求，即描述开放海洋中小型板状生物的分布和相互作用。使用网和其他声学装置往往不足以描述生物体在某些具有重要科学意义的空间和时间尺度上的分布情况。该成像系统基于空间可变声学原理，即水柱中的空间分辨率取决于离散编码脉冲沿窄声束的同时传输。在单个换能器上接收到的这些声脉冲的反射，然后可以彼此解密，并通过复杂的数学处理产生图像。该系统将以500千赫的频率运行，并将被设计为在30度立体角度内具有50米的有用范围。在这个频率下，该仪器将对浮游动物很敏感，并将用于绘制和跟踪这些小型生物的分布。在未来十年，3D生物声学成像能力将对许多设想的研究项目有用。这项新能力将提供有关生物体在一定体积的水中相互作用和运动的信息。

The Marine Physical Laboratory at Scripps Institution of Oceanography will develop a sea-going, three-dimensional bioacoustic imaging system. The system addresses a long- standing requirement within biological oceanography to describe the distribution and interactions of small plank- tonic organisms in the open ocean. The use of nets and other acoustic devices are often inadequate in describing the distribution of organisms in certain scientifically important spatial and temporal scales. The imaging system is based on the principle of Spatially Variant Insonification, whereby spatial resolution in the water column relies on simultaneous transmission of discrete coded pulses along narrow acoustic beams. The reflection of these acoustic pulses, that are received at a single transducer, can then be deciphered from each other and an image is produced by complex mathematical processing. The system will operate at 500 kHz and will be designed to have a useful range of 50 meters within a 30- degree solid angle. At this frequency, the instrument will be sensitive to zooplankton and will be used to map and follow the distribution of these small organisms. A 3-D bioacoustic imaging capability will be useful to a number of envisioned research projects over the next decade. The new capability will provide information on the interactions and movements of the organisms within a volume of water.