World Labor Market Integration and Disintegration over the Past Century

这项研究的目的是分析在1870年之后的一个世纪里，移民、商品贸易和资本市场在连接欧洲和新大陆的国际劳动力市场演变中所起的作用。该项目不会继续关注移民本身，而是将重点放在发送和接收地区的工资和就业上，找出劳动力市场融合和解体的时期，并隔离这些变化的原因。将特别注意导致劳动力迁移的环境因素的作用，如爱尔兰土豆饥荒和工业革命期间城市中心经历的环境退化。该项目还将探讨移徙在应对全球产出冲击时在分配失业发生率方面的作用，包括确定具有工资灵活性和粘性的国家经验，以及这种经验与国际移徙的关系以及在发送和接收区域占主导地位的部门的属性。该项目还将寻求配额、补贴和其他政策干预的时间和地点的内生解释。这项研究具有重要意义，因为它将加深我们对劳动力迁移动态以及环境变化对迁移影响的理解。

The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of immigration, commodity trade and capital markets on the evolution of an international labor market linking Europe and the New World over the century following 1870. Rather than pursuing the traditional focus on the migrations themselves, the project will focus instead on wages and employment in sending and receiving regions, identifying episodes of labor market integration and disintegration as well as isolating the causes for these changes. Special attention will be given to the role of environmental factors leading to labor force migration such as the Irish potato famine and the environmental decay experienced by urban centers during the industrial revolution. The project will also explore the role of migration in distributing the incidence of unemployment in response to global output shocks, including identifying country experience with wage flexibility and stickiness, and how that experience is related to international migrations and the attributes of sectors which dominate sending and receiving regions. The project will also search for an endogenous explanation for the timing and location of quotas, subsidies, and other policy interventions. This research is important because it will enhance our understanding of the dynamics of labor migration and the impact of environmental change on migration.