Continued Water Tunnel Studies with Tuna at Kewalo Basin, Hawaii

初步研究表明， 研究鲣鱼游泳的实验效用， 黄鳍金枪鱼使用一个大型水洞位于 位于夏威夷的国家海洋渔业服务实验室。 这 该项目将对众多和各种各样的 这些功能强大、设计精巧的游泳专用设备 鱼类 具体而言，研究人员将：i）开展 测量金枪鱼游泳代谢率，从而描述 他们的运动能量学，ii）监测金枪鱼在体内的各个方面 游泳生理学，从而确定这些鱼类如何调节 维持他们的有氧代谢，和iii）检查各种 金枪鱼的游泳运动学和专门的运动 解剖学和游泳力学和效率的增强。 这项调查将提供第一次直接测量， 金枪鱼，以受控的速度游泳， 游泳代谢与身体大小、游泳 心血管生理学，由血压、心脏 速率、动脉-静脉O2差和计算（通过Fick） 心输出量和斯托克量。 这些研究还将提供 金枪鱼游动运动学的首次控速分析， 生物力学，包括尾侧力和推力生成，以及 表面流可视化

Preliminary studies have demonstrated the feasibility and experimental utility of studying the swimming of skipjack and yellowfin tunas using a large water tunnel located at the National Marine Fisheries Service Laboratory in Hawaii. This project will conduct a detailed study of the numerous and diverse swimming specializations of these powerful and exquisitely designed fishes. Specifically, the investigators will: i) carry out measurements of tuna swimming metabolic rate and thus describe their locomotion energetics, ii) monitor aspects of tuna in vivo swimming physiology and thereby determine how these fishes regulate and sustain their aerobic metabolism, and iii) examine various aspects of the tuna's swimming kinematics and specialized locomotor anatomy and the augmentation of swimming mechanics and efficiency. This investigation will provide the first direct measurements on tunas, swimming at controlled speeds, of variables ranging from swimming metabolism in relation to body size, swimming cardiovascular physiology as determined by blood pressures, heart rate, arterial-venous O2 differences, and calculation (by Fick) of cardiac output and stoke volume. These studies will also provide the first controlled speed analyses of tuna swimming kinematics and biomechanics, including caudal force and thrust generation, and surface-flow visualization.