Cyclic Radiations and Shape Macroevolution of Planktonic Foraminifera

在辐射过程中形态空间是如何填充的，是否有多样化的规则？我们比较了三种浮游有孔虫辐射的形态空间占用模式和物种寿命模式，以确定这些模式的可预测性。首先，我们要问形状群在有孔虫中是否是离散的实体。然后，我们研究了在这个群体的每个主要辐射中，形状成员预测物种寿命的程度。最后，我们研究了在辐射期间形态空间是如何填充的，并将每个多样化周期与其他周期进行比较，以检测共同模式。这项研究的优势在于我们能够比较辐射之间的宏观进化模式，以确定这些模式的稳定性和客观性。通过这样做，我们可以确定包膜多样性是更多地受到每种辐射的特定事件的调节，还是受到在进化周期之间变化不大的长期过程的调节。

How is morphospace filled during a radiation and are there rules for diversification? We compare patterns of morphospace occupation and species longevity between three radiations of planktonic foraminifera to determine the predictability of these patterns. First we ask whether shape groups are discrete entities in foraminifera. Then we examine the extent to which shape membership predicts species longevity in each of the major radiations of this group. Finally, we investigate how morphospace is filled during the radiations and compare each cycle of diversification with the others to detect common patterns. The strengths of this study lie in our ability to compare macroevolutionary patterns between radiations to determine the stability and objectivity of these patterns. In so doing, we can determine whether bauplan diversity is regulated more by events particular to each radiation or by long-term processes that change little between evolutionary cycles.