Cross-Linguistic Study of the Syntax and Semantics of Reciprocal Constructions

9319371彼得斯这个项目将对句法和语义之间的关系进行比较研究，作为一个案例，深入调查相互结构的句法实现和解释可能性。倒数结构特别适合于句法-语义接口的研究，因为它们提炼和组合了许多其他结构的特征。从句法上看，倒装句可以实现为代词、动词词缀或状语。在前两个方面，它们与代词和不及物反身结构有许多共同之处。在语义上，倒数充当语义运算符，与量词共享特征。该项目有两个总体目标：探索倒装句的句法实现与其解释之间的关系，以及考察倒装句的语义和倒装句作为语义操作者的地位。由于倒装句的复杂性和多面性，考察倒装句的句法和语义特征将揭示它们的共同特点：回指关系和句法配价操作的句法和语义，复数名词短语的语义，以及其他范围算子的句法和语义，如否定和量化。

9319371 Peters This project will undertake a comparative study of the relation between syntax and semantics, taking as a case study an intensive investigation of the syntactic realizations and interpretive possibilities for reciprocal constructions. Reciprocals are particularly well-suited for an investigation of the syntax-semantics interface because they distill and combine characteristics of a number of other constructions. Syntactically, reciprocals may be realized as pronouns, as verbal affixes, or as adverbials. In the first two respects, they have much in common with pronominal and intransitivizing reflexive constructions. Semantically, reciprocals behave as semantic operators, sharing characteristics with quantifiers. The project has two overall aims: to explore correlations between the syntactic realization of the reciprocals and its interpretation, and to examine the semantics of reciprocity and the status of the reciprocal as a semantic operator. Because of the complex, multifaceted nature of reciprocals, an investigation of reciprocity will illuminate the syntax and semantics of other constructions whose characteristics they share: the syntax and semantics of anaphoric relations and syntactic valence-reducing operations, the semantics of plural noun phrases, and the syntax and semantics of other scope-bearing operators such as negation and quantification.