Modeling Study of NOx Production by Lightning and its Transport in a 2D Cloud Model

这项研究项目涉及利用南达科他州矿业和技术学院开发的风暴带电模型(SEM)，模拟研究音响内照明产生的NOx及其随后在时间和空间上的变化。扫描电子显微镜的特点是独一无二的，因为它涉及云动力学和微物理的研究，以及云电的发展，包括闪电产生的参数化。这项研究将包括四个步骤。首先，NO将被视为惰性气体，并将考虑垂直剖面。云演化背景下的NO输送将被评估，并在稍后用于分类闪电对NO浓度的增强。其次，闪电产生的NO将使用Borucki和Chamedes(1984)的想法进行模拟，而不需要任何反应化学。将进行一些参数研究，以找到以下问题的答案：闪电产生的NO如何在云中输送，最大NOx浓度最有可能位于云中的哪里，以及闪电位置如何影响云中的NOx分布。第三步将包括在最初通过闪电产生NO之后导致NO2产生的化学物质。最后一步包括NO与过氧基的反应。这将是第一个使用复杂的雷云动力电学模型调查闪电产生和随后的NOx分布的研究。

This research project involves a modeling study of NOx production by intracloud lighting and its subsequent variability in time and space using the Storm Electrification Model (SEM) developed at South Dakota School of Mines and Technology. The SEM is unique in its features as it pertains to studies of cloud dynamics and microphysics, as well as cloud electrical development, including a parameterization of the production of lightning. The study will include four steps. First, NO will be treated as an inert gas and a vertical profile will be considered. The NO transport within the context of cloud evolution will be evaluated and used later on to sort out lightning enhancement of NO concentration. Second, NO production by lightning will be simulated using ideas of Borucki and Chameides (1984), without any reactive chemistry. Several parameter studies will be performed in order to find answers to questions such as: how lightning-produced NO is transported within the cloud, where the maximum NOx concentration would most probably be located within the cloud, and how lightning location influences the NOx distribution within the cloud. The third step will include chemistry that leads to the production of NO2 following the initial production of NO by lightning. The last step includes reactions of NO with peroxy radicals. This will be the first study that investigates the production by lightning and subsequent distribution of NOx using a sophisticated dynamical electrical model of thunderclouds.