Biological Dynamics of the Inorganic Carbon System in the Arctic Ocean Based on Samples from the 1994 U.S./Canada Transarctic Section

900036本基金支持的Sambrotto研究项目由北极系统科学（ARCSS）全球变化研究项目主持，由海洋科学部和极地项目办公室联合主办。研究将围绕一个独特的和密集的，多学科的研究考察北冰洋的部分，从未被广泛研究过。1994年美国/加拿大北冰洋科是与加拿大的一项合作努力，1994年夏季将有大约60名科学家乘坐加拿大和美国的破冰船。nsf资助的项目将集中于水文、生物学、古和海冰研究。从北冰洋几个地区收集的数据将是有史以来的首批数据之一，这些数据将与提高我们对北极如何成为全球气候条件变化的一个指标，以及它如何影响温带海洋和地区的物理、化学和生物特征的理解高度相关。这项工作是合作生物学项目的一个组成部分。将进行研究以调查北极水域中碳的水平运动。在无冰水域，有机物质通过“生物泵”的垂直运动主导着碳通量途径，而在无冰水域，有机物质从大型北极大陆架向内部的水平运动可能是北极系统中主要的碳通量途径。研究将集中在水平碳通量的重要性上，通过测量无机碳系统、总溶解无机碳（DIC）和溶解二氧化碳气体，碳酸盐和碱度将从中得到。根据这些变量相对于等旋面和水团年龄的分布，确定和分析上层地表水的有机和无机碳产量和矿化率。这些测量是对其他船上采样项目的补充，将有助于更好地了解北冰洋的碳通量动态。* * *

9400036 Sambrotto Research supported by this grant is under the auspices of the Arctic Systems Science (ARCSS) Global Change Research Program and is jointly sponsored by the Division of Ocean Sciences and the Office of Polar Programs. The research will be centered around a unique and intensive, multidisciplinary research expedition to parts of the Arctic Ocean that have never been extensively studied. The 1994 U.S./Canada Arctic Ocean Section is a collaborative effort with Canada that will involve approximately 60 scientists on a Canadian and a U.S. icebreaker during summer 1994. NSF-funded projects will focus on hydrography, biology, paleo-, and sea-ice studies. Data collected will be amongst the first ever from several regions of the Arctic Ocean and will be highly relevant to improving our understanding of how the Arctic is an indicator of changing global climate conditions and how it affects the physical, chemical, and biological features of the more temperate oceans and regions. This work is a component of the collaborative biology program. Research will be undertaken to investigate the horizontal movement of carbon in Arctic waters. Unlike in ice-free waters where vertical movement of organic material through the "biological pump" dominates the carbon flux pathway, horizontal movement of organic matter from the large Arctic shelves to the interior may be the dominant flux pathway for carbon in Arctic systems. Research will focus on the importance of horizontal carbon flux using measurements of the inorganic carbon system, total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved CO2 gas, from which carbonate and alkalinity will be derived. Organic and inorganic carbon production and mineralization rates in upper surface waters will be determined and analyzed based on the distribution of these variables relative to isopycnal surfaces and water mass age. These measurements complement other on board sampling projects and will facilitate a better understanding of carbon flux dynamic s in the Arctic Ocean. ***