Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Emergence of Cooperation in Exchange Networks

9400718马科夫斯基：这是博士论文研究计划助学金颁发的奖项。这是一项关于交换网络中合作出现的实验实验室研究。以前的研究集中在位置权力上，以及那些处于高权力位置的参与者如何在网络中的其他参与者的行动下获得资源优势。然而，一些网络中的电力优势需要处于不同网络位置的参与者之间进行一定程度的协调才能实现。一些网络结构诱导这种协调，另一些则抑制这种协调。本研究将：1)检验基于互动权力思想的网络交换理论的一个新的理论扩展；2)考察结构变化和沟通水平对交换网络中自利行为者之间合作出现的影响；3)检验关系权力的测量，该度量表明网络中不同关系的使用模式对权力的暂时影响。这个实验对结构社会心理学做出了贡献，开发和测试了一个被广泛接受的理论方法的补充。虽然这项研究是抽象的，但理论原理被认为适用于工作小组、家庭和决策官僚机构，因此科学进步可能间接地有助于行政和管理技术的改进。除了这项研究将获得的科学成果外，这一奖项还将对一位非常有前途的学生完成博士论文的研究提供实质性的帮助。从而为国家未来的科学人才和下一代社会科学家的深入培养做出贡献。***

9400718 Markovsky This is an award under the Grants for Improving Doctoral Dissertation Research Program. It is an experimental laboratory study of the emergence of cooperation in exchange networks. Previous research has focused on positional power, and on how those actors in high power positions can gain resource advantages despite the actions of other actors in the network. However, power advantages in some networks require a degree of coordination between actors in different network positions in order to be realized. Some network structures induce this coordination; other inhibit it. The present research will: 1) test a new theoretical extension of network exchange theory based on this idea of interactive power; 2) investigate the effects of structural variations and levels of communication on the emergence of cooperation between self interested actors in exchange networks, and 3) test a measure of relational power that shows the temporary effects on power of the pattern of use of different relations in a network. %%% This experiment contributes to structural social psychology, developing and testing additions to a widely-accepted theoretical approach. Although the research is abstract, the theoretical principles are believed to apply to work groups, families, and decision-making bureaucracies, so scientific advances may contribute indirectly to improvements in administrative and management techniques. In addition to the scientific gains to be achieved by the research, this award will materially assist a highly promising student in completing research for the Ph.D. dissertation. Thus it contributes to the future scientific manpower of the nation and the thorough training of the next generation of social scientists. ***