The Economic Integration of Agriculture in Israel and Palestine

以色列和巴勒斯坦之间的政治紧张局势导致两国之间广泛的边界限制和巴勒斯坦境内的行动限制。因此，尽管以色列和巴勒斯坦与-à-vis第三国保持关税同盟，但它们不是自由贸易区，无法实现投入和最终产品贸易的潜在收益。该项目的目标是通过分析取消这些限制对农业和整个经济的潜在好处，促进巴勒斯坦和以色列之间的合作。可以预见有三种类型的分析。首先，分析西岸内部和西岸与以色列之间的空间价格传导将揭示限制措施如何影响价格和福利。其次，将使用仿真模型来研究取消限制的经济影响。部分平衡模型将产生园艺部门的详细结果。对巴勒斯坦和以色列园艺产品种植者和出口商之间合作机会的分析，以及对欧盟内以色列-巴勒斯坦联合产品的支付意愿的分析，将为这一模式提供投入。西岸和以色列的区域一般均衡模型将从更广泛的经济角度来看取消限制的影响。它还将用于模拟以色列/巴勒斯坦与世界其他地区的准关税同盟的变化，以及作为正在进行的巴塞罗那进程的一部分，以色列和巴勒斯坦农业部门在欧盟市场的整合。第三，将基于先进的政治经济模型在农业部门的应用，分析以色列和巴勒斯坦农业政策变化的前景。

Political tensions between Israel and Palestine have led to extensive border restrictions between these two countries and movement restrictions within Palestine. Hence, although Israel and Palestine maintain a customs union vis-à-vis third countries, they are not a free trade area, and cannot realise potential gains from trade in inputs and final products. The objective of this project is to foster cooperation between Palestine and Israel by analysing the potential benefits of removing these restrictions for agriculture and the economy as a whole. Three types of analysis are foreseen. First, analysis of spatial price transmission within the West Bank and between the West Bank and Israel will reveal how restrictions affect prices and welfare. Second, simulation models will be used to study the economic impact of removing restrictions. A partial equilibrium model will generate detailed results for the horticultural sector. Inputs for this model will be provided by an analysis of opportunities for cooperation between Palestinian and Israeli growers and exporters of horticultural products, and by an analysis of willingness to pay for joint Israeli-Palestinian products in the EU. A regional general equilibrium model of the West Bank and Israel will provide a broader economy-wide perspective of the impact of removing restrictions. It will also be used to simulate changes in the Israeli/Palestinian quasi-customs union vis-à-vis the rest of the world, and the integration of Israel’s and Palestine’s agricultural sectors in the EU market as part of the ongoing Barcelona process. Third, the prospects for agricultural policy changes in Israel and the Palestine will be analysed based on the application of advanced political economy models to the agricultural sector.