SBIR Phase II: High Rate, High Capacity Anodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

该小型企业创新研究二期项目将开发用于可充电锂离子电池的更高能量存储电极材料。 锡基氧化物材料具有吸引人的可逆电荷存储容量，但第一循环损耗高。 在第一阶段中，新的锡基材料被证明具有上级容量和显著降低的第一循环损耗。 体积电荷存储容量比商业上建立的碳基阳极材料好三倍。 这些专利材料基于高度分散和稳定在导电陶瓷基质中的纳米级锡域。 在第二阶段，将研究两种陶瓷宿主。 前体化学、锡原子分数和反应条件将在容量和可循环性方面进行优化。 将确定这些材料的组成和微观结构，并将其与速率和循环寿命相关联。 将制备并评价测试电池，以确定其容量和循环能力。 将解决生产问题，如前体成本，工艺放大，以及与现有电池组件（如电解质，隔膜，粘合剂，集电器）的兼容性。 本项目的最终目标是证明第一阶段所展示的容量可以实现，同时满足消费电子产品中使用的可充电电池的成本和循环寿命要求。本项目将开发先进的电极材料，以增加可充电锂离子电池的运行时间或减少尺寸和重量。用于消费电子产品（无线通信、膝上型PC、摄像机）以及用于电动车辆推进的锂离子电池存在快速增长的市场。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase II project will develop higher energy storage electrode materials for rechargeable lithium ion batteries. Tin-based oxide materials have attractive reversible charge storage capacities but high first-cycle losses. In Phase I, new tin-based materials were demonstrated with superior capacity and significantly reduced first-cycle loss. The volumetric charge storage capacity was three times better than commercially established carbon-based anode materials. These proprietary materials are based on nanoscale tin domains highly dispersed and stabilized within a conductive ceramic matrix. In Phase II, two ceramic hosts will be investigated. Precursor chemistries, tin atomic fraction, and reactive conditions will be optimized with respect to capacity and cyclability. The composition and microstructure of these materials will be determined and correlated with rate and cycle life. Test cells will be prepared and evaluated to determine their capacity and cyclability. Producibility issues such as precursor cost, process scale-up, and compatibility with established cell components (e.g. electrolyte, separator, binder, current collector) will be addressed. The ultimate goal is to demonstrate that the capacities demonstrated in phase I can be realized while simultaneously meeting the cost and cycle life requirements for rechargeable batteries used in consumer electronics.This project will develop advanced electrode materials that will increase the run tim or reduce the size and weight of rechargeable lithium ion batteries. There is a rapidly growing market for lithium ion batteries for consumer electronics (wireless communications, laptop PC's, camcorders), as well as for electric vehicle propulsion.