Clathrate Hydrates in Water-in-CO2 Microemulsions - Exploratory Research on the Fundamental Concepts and Applications to Synthesis and Separations Processes

中文摘要：杜兰大学的Vijay John这项研究旨在利用在CO2中的水中形成笼形水合物的概念来设计和增强环境友好过程的操作。 笼形水合物是水和气体的结晶包合物。二氧化碳是水合物形成气体，并且在本体含水系统中CO2水合物形成的热力学是很好理解的。 但在CO2包水微乳液中形成笼形水合物是一个全新的概念，对其热力学性质还需进行探索性研究。 假设这些系统中的水合物形成将导致控制胶束内溶质的量和性质的方法，从而在合成和分离过程中应用。 本研究将通过光谱和散射技术，对CO2包水型微乳液中笼形水合物形成的相行为进行表征，并对水合物形成的微观结构环境进行探测，探索水合物形成在环境友好型新技术开发中的应用。在CO2包水微乳液中使用水合物形成来合成具有均匀尺寸分布的催化、半导体和磁性纳米颗粒。 假设水合物的形成是在颗粒形成之后，阻止了颗粒的进一步生长.利用分子识别剂的分离技术的发展，如溶解在CO2包水微乳液中并通过水合物形成而稳定的环糊精。 然后，这些试剂可用于增强萃取到气相中。3.通过笼形水合物的形成辅助在CO2包水微乳液中制备纳米颗粒水凝胶。 同样，笼形水合物的形成可用于控制胶束尺寸，从而允许形成可在药物递送技术中应用的极小的水凝胶颗粒。 我们还将使用水合物技术来稳定CO2包水微乳液中的酶活性。

ABSTRACTCTS-9985598Vijay John, Tulane UniversityThe research seeks to exploit the concept of clathrate hydrate formation in water-in CO2 for the design and enhanced operation of environmentally benign processes. Clathrate hydrates are crystalline inclusion compounds of water and gas. Carbon dioxide is a hydrate forming gas and the thermodynamics of CO2 hydrate formation in bulk aqueous systems is well understood. But the formation of clathrate hydrates in the water droplets of water-in-CO2 microemulsions is an entirely new concept and exploratory research will be conducted on the thermodynamics of the phenomenon. The hypothesis is that hydrate formation in these systems will lead to a method of controlling the amount and properties of intramicellar solutes, with consequent applications in synthesis and separations processes. The research will identify the phase behavior of clathrate hydrate formation in water-in-CO2 microemulsions and probe the microstructural environment through spectroscopy and scattering techniques.Exploratory research on the applications of hydrate formation in the development of new and environmentally benign technologies will also be conducted as follows:1. The use of hydrate formation in water-in-CO2 microemulsions to synthesize catalytic, semiconductor, and magnetic nanoparticles that have a uniform size distribution. The hypothesis is that hydrate formation subsequent to particle and prevent further growth.2. The development of separation technologies using molecular recognition agents such as the cyclodextrins solubilized in water-in-CO2 microemulsions and stabilized through hydrate formation. These agents can then be used to enhance extraction into the gas phase.3. The preparation of nanoparticles hydrogels in water-in-CO2 microemulsions as aided by the formation of clathrate hydrates. Again, the formation of clathrate hydrates can be exploited to control micelle size, thereby allowing the formation of extremely small hydrogel particles that may have applications in drug delivery technologies. We will also use the hydrate technology to stabilize enzyme activity in water-in-CO2 microemulsions.