Collaborative Research: Damage Assessment, Control, and Restoration of the Electric Power Grid Following Catastrophic Disturbances

项目摘要这项建议探索了灾难性扰动后电网损害评估、控制和恢复的新概念。这些干扰将包括：1.地震、龙卷风、冰暴、风灾等自然灾害，以及短路和主要部件故障等大的电气影响。2.人为灾害，如恐怖袭击和人为错误。损害评估包括根据以下标准确定严重程度：a)损害程度；b)危险程度；c)危险程度。这种类型的分析将需要来自建立良好的信息和传感系统的投入。由于电力运输系统地理位置的广泛性，进一步增加了问题的复杂性。作为信息基础设施的一部分，将审查各种通信技术的使用，包括全球定位系统、微波网络、因特网、近地轨道卫星和其他通信网络。还将仔细审查与实时信息的调度和处理有关的问题。确定了支持大型电网实时监控和数据采集的计算和通信基础设施的主要要求。将提出满足这些要求的信息和计算体系结构，并对防止和减少电网错位程度的各种控制策略进行比较。提出了适用于电网的优雅退化的概念。这方面的工作还将涉及纠正战略，以促进快速恢复。还将探讨配电网及其控制和保护设备的更新配置，以便网络以更可控的方式对紧急情况做出反应。调查的最后一步将涉及在灾难性干扰后恢复系统的方法。这是大型电网中分析最少的方面之一。这是一项非常复杂的工作，涉及几个与自动恢复有关的问题，以及涉及各种人力问题的手动切换。值得注意的是，电力输送网络覆盖了几个分层信息和控制网络，这些网络在新的解除管制的电力公用事业环境中提供处理监督控制、数据采集和交易信息的各种功能。还将仔细确定每个网络层的角色。

Project AbstractThis proposal explores new concepts for the damage assessment, control, and restoration of the electric power grid following catastrophic disturbances. These disturbances would include:1. Natural disasters like earthquakes, tornadoes, ice storms, wind storms, and large electrical impacts like short circuits, and failure of major components. 2. Man-made disasters, such as terrorist attacks, and human errors.The damage assessment consists of determining the severity based on the following criteria:a) Degree of damage, b) Degree of danger, and c) Extent of hazard. This type of analysis will require input from a well established information and sensing system. The complexity of the problem is further increased because of the large geographical expanse of the Electric Power Transportation system. The use of a wide array of communication technologies including GPS, Microwave Networks, Internet, low earth orbit satellites, and other communication networks will be examined as a part of the information infrastructure. Issues related to the scheduling and processing of real time information will also be carefully examined. Key requirements for the computing and communication infrastructure to support real time supervisory control and data acquisition of large electric power grids are identified. Information and computing architectures to meet these requirements will be proposed.Various control strategies to prevent and minimize the extent of the dislocation of the electric network will be compared. Concepts of graceful degradation as applied to the electric power grid will be proposed. This aspect of the work would also involve corrective strategies to facilitate fast restoration. Newer configurations for the electric power distribution networks and their control and protection equipment so that the network responds to emergencies in a more controlled manner will also be explored.The final step in the investigation will deal with approaches for the restoration of the system following catastrophic disturbances. This is one of the least analyzed aspects of large power grids. It is a highly complex undertaking and involves several issues that relate to automatic restoration as well as manual switching that involves a variety of manpower issues. It is important to note that the power delivery network is overlayed with several hierarchical information and control networks that provide various functions dealing with supervisory control, data acquisition, and transactions information in the new deregulated electric utility environment. The roles of each network layer will also be carefully identified.