Hydro-ecological modeling and landscape analysis for high-altitude wetland classification and assessment of climate change impacts on high-altitude wetlands across environmental and elevational gradients

虽然湿地在水文循环中的关键作用已得到承认，但只有少数研究报告侧重于控制高海拔环境中湿地水文的过程动力学。气候变化引起的冰川融化、降雨模式改变和蒸散量增加的证据表明，高山系统中的湿地动态发生了变化，但对湿地水文动态的影响及其对各自集水区的影响知之甚少。结合景观分析和过程导向的水文模拟，拟议研究的主要目标是更好地了解1）高海拔湿地的水文生态功能及其对湿地分类的影响，2）高海拔流域模拟中湿地过程动力学的尺度相关性; 3）气候变化对环境和海拔梯度上已确定的湿地类型的水文动态的影响。这项研究将在位于美国Sierra内华达州的两个河流流域进行，利用主办研究所（MHRG，西雅图）的科学专门知识和优秀的数据库。为了建模，JAMS/J2000模型套件将适应高海拔条件，然后将在进一步的研究领域进行测试。

Although the critical role of wetlands in the hydrological cycle is recognized, only a few studies were published focusing on process dynamics controlling wetland hydrology in high-altitude environments. The climate change induced evidence of melting glaciers, changing rainfall pattern and increasing evapotranspiration indicate alterations of wetland dynamics in alpine systems, but little knowledge is given on resulting impacts on the hydrological dynamics of wetlands, nor implications for their respective catchments. Integrating landscape analysis and process-oriented hydrological modeling, the main goals of the proposed research study are to better understand 1) the hydro-ecological functioning of highaltitude wetlands and its implications for wetland classification, 2) scale-related relevance of wetland process dynamics in high-altitude catchment modeling and 3) impacts of climate change on the hydrological dynamic of identified wetland types across environmental and elevational gradients. The study will be carried out in two river basins located in the Sierra Nevada, USA, utilizing the scientific expertise and the excellent data base at the hosting institute (MHRG, Seattle). For modeling, the JAMS/J2000 model suite will be adapted to high-altitude conditions, which then will be tested in further study areas.