A Facility for Dynamic-Response Studies

[240956]一种能够长期维持温度-盐度界面的大型水槽已经被开发出来，并应用于测量海洋传感器的动态响应。在盐度计算中，电导率与温度传感器的动态响应匹配是一个长期存在的问题，该水箱为解决这一问题提供了新的途径。该项目将改进现有的储罐，评估一些可用的ctd。，并提供改进的盐度估计算法。新水箱采用4.7米深的两层盐分层系统，从下加热，从上冷却。这就产生了两个对流混合层，其中有一个薄的双扩散界面将它们分开。5-10℃的温度跳变可以维持在1-2 cm以上（垂直温度梯度为103℃/m）约2周。变速降低系统允许测试电导率和温度传感器在全尺寸海洋仪器的动态响应。声学回声探测仪和光学阴影系统提供了对界面和层微观结构的非破坏性监测。已经开发了线性和非线性拟合程序来确定温度计响应时间，这是速度的一个强函数。基于界面上电导率-温度关系的线性关系，开发了一种优化设计滞后校正滤波器的方法，以精确匹配温度和电导率传感器，用于计算盐度。传感器响应特性对于必须在现场进行数据处理和压缩的自主仪器尤其重要，但也有助于开发新的传感器，并确保传统电缆下放和拖曳系统的准确盐度记录。该项目将对该储罐进行若干改进，评价若干现有的连续油管，提出改进的计算盐度的算法，并将该储罐建立为一个动态响应设施，供海洋学界使用。这项工作的广泛影响部分源于它对改善海洋观测以进行气候变化研究的迫切社会需求的贡献。此外，动态反应设施将成为一个全社区的资源，为营利和非营利部门改进最新的盐度观测。最后，它将继续利用和培养研究生和本科生在其业务。

0240956 SchmittA large tank capable of long-term maintenance of a sharp temperature-salinity interface has been developed and applied to measurements of the dynamical response of oceanographic sensors. Matching the dynamic response of conductivity and temperature sensors has been a long-standing problem in the computation of salinity, and this tank offers a new approach to its solution. This project will improve the existing tank, evaluate a number of available CTDs., and provide improved algorithms for the estimation of salinity. The new tank uses a two-layer salt-stratified system 4.7 m deep that is heated from below and cooled from above. This generates two convectively mixed layers with a thin double-diffusive interface separating them. A temperature jump of 5-10 degrees C can be maintained over 1-2 cm (a vertical temperature gradient of order 103 degrees C/m) for ~2 weeks. A variable speed lowering system allows testing of the dynamic response of conductivity and temperature sensors in full-size oceanographic instruments. An acoustic echo sounder and an optical shadowgraph system provide non-disruptive monitoring of the interface and layer microstructure. Linear and nonlinear fitting routines have been developed to determine thermometer response times that are a strong function of the speed. A method for the optimal design of lag-correction filters, based on an imposed linearity of the conductivity-temperature relationship across the interface, has been developed to accurately match temperature and conductivity sensors for the computation of salinity. Sensor response characterization is especially important for autonomous instruments where data processing and compression must be performed in-situ, but is also helpful in the development of new sensors and in assuring accurate salinity records from traditional wire-lowered and towed systems. This project will implement a number of improvements to the tank, evaluate several existing CTDs, suggest improved algorithms for the computation of salinity and establish the tank as a dynamic response facility for use of the oceanographic community. The broader impacts of this work stems in part from its contributions to the pressing societal need for improved ocean observations for climate change research. Also, the dynamic response facility will be a community-wide resource for improving the state-of-the art in salinity observations for both the profit and non-profit sectors. Finally, it will continue to utilize and train graduate and undergraduate students in its operations.