Spatial Subsidy of an Intraguild Predator: Consequences for Top-down and Bottom-up Impacts on Insect Herbivores

协会内捕食者的空间补贴：自上而下和自下而上对昆虫草食动物影响的后果本研究建议扩展我们对大西洋海岸互花米草盐沼中昆虫草食动物(飞虱)天敌和寄主植物控制的工作，以包括来自邻近旱地系统(斯巴达系统)的协会内捕食者(Pardosa wolf蜘蛛)的广泛空间补贴的影响。具体地说，对这种年度捕食者补贴的空间相关性假设进行了检验，因为它与植被结构的空间变化对稻飞虱动态、食物-网相互作用以及互花米草营养级联的可能性的影响有关。随着自然栖息地变得更加支离破碎，系统之间的玩家交流增加，了解这种捕食者入侵对食物网动态和当地生物多样性的后果变得至关重要。此外，阐明捕食者补贴对昆虫食草动物的影响对农业也有重要意义。例如，害虫管理者现在正在寻找鼓励天敌的方法，并通过为邻近栖息地的捕食者建立“空间避难所”来促进种植系统中的害虫抑制。因此，洞察促进捕食者在不同生境之间交换的因素可能会导致在强制减少杀虫剂的世界中制定更有效的害虫管理战略。

Spatial subsidy of an intraguild predator:consequences for top-down and bottom-up impacts on insect herbivoresThe research herein proposes to extend our work on natural enemy versus host plant control of insect herbivores (planthoppers) inhabiting the Spartina alterniflora salt marshes along the Atlantic coast to include the effects of an extensive spatial subsidy of intraguild predators (Pardosa wolf spiders) from a neighboring upland system (Spartina patens). Specifically, spatially dependent hypotheses are tested concerning the impact of this annual predator subsidy as it interfaces with spatial variation in vegetation structure on planthopper dynamics, food-web interactions, and the probability for trophic cascades in Spartina alterniflora. As natural habitats become more fragmented and the exchange of players among systems increases, it becomes imperative to understand the consequences of such predator incursions on food-web dynamics and local biodiversity. Also, elucidating the consequences of predator subsidies on insect herbivores has important implications for agriculture. For example, pest managers are now seeking ways to encourage natural enemies and promote pest suppression in cropping systems by establishing "spatial refuges" for predators in neighboring habitats. Thus, gaining insight into factors that promote the exchange of predators between different habitats may lead to more effective pest management strategies in a world of mandated pesticide reduction.