(TSE03-H) Assessment Tool and Visualization for Regional Supply Chain Impacts

该资助用于构建和演示决策支持和可视化工具，以检查在美国生产许多不同商品和服务的供应链环境影响和可持续性影响的空间分布。这项工作建立在现有的美国经济500个部门的经济投入产出模型的基础上，该模型与能源、环境和其他数据一起使用，以显示供应链中发生的影响。目前，这一领域的大多数模型只提供总体国家水平的估计。本项目将通过提供区域和州一级的指标，迈出非常详细的估算的第一步。这种方法还应该允许特定公司将其已知的供应链与我们对每个部门的估计进行比较。对经济变化的局部分析通常忽略了发生的许多间接供应链效应。例如，与汽车制造有关的排放远远超出了装配厂。该项目的结果将在485个经济部门中追踪采购，并在现有工厂中确定可能的供应商位置。影响的空间分布、供应链的位置和运输路线将在地理信息系统（GIS）中可视化。典型的分析包括新汽车装配厂的选址、基础设施投资、向电子商务的转变、服务业的增长等。分析系统的使用旨在帮助减少区域经济对环境的影响，例如，通过减少运输需求，使供应商更接近生产设施，显示公司的间接影响等。由于可以在万维网上免费使用，我们预计该系统将得到广泛使用。

This grant provides funding to construct and demonstrate a decision-support and visualization tool to examine the spatial distribution of supply chain environmental impacts and sustainability implications of producing many different goods and services in the United States. This work builds upon an existing 500-sector economic input-output model of the United States economy that has been used in conjunction with energy, environmental, and other data to show where in the supply chain impacts occur.Currently, most models in this domain provide only total national level estimates. This project will take the first steps to highlydetailed estimates in this project by providing regional and state-levelindicators. This method should also allow specific firms to compare their known supply chains with our estimates from each sector. Local analyses of economic changes typically omit the many indirect supply chain effects that occur. For example, the emissions related to automobile manufacturing extend far beyond the assembly plant. The result of this project will trace purchases among 485 economic sectors and identifypossible supplier locations among existing plants. The spatialdistribution of impacts, the location of supply chain and transportationroutes will be visualized in a Geographic Information System (GIS).Typical analyses include location of a new automobile assembly plant,infrastructure investment, shifts to ecommerce, growth in servicesectors, etc. Use of the analysis system is intended help reduceenvironmental effects of the regional economy, e.g., by reducingtransportation demands, moving suppliers closer to the productionfacilities, showing a firm's indirect impacts, etc. With free availability on the World Wide Web, we anticipate widespread use of the system.