Collaborative Research: M-I Coupling: A New Euler Potential Based Magnetospheric Convection Model

磁层对中低纬电离层电场的动态效应是磁层-电离层耦合的一个重要领域，但研究人员对此关注较少。在磁暴期间，磁层产生的电场会迅速穿透到低纬地区。然后，这些电场在与风暴有关的电离层中断中发挥主要作用，包括电离层结构和赤道扩散F的大规模变化。了解纵向和季节性影响对于发展预报这些条件的能力至关重要，因为这些条件具有重大的空间天气影响。作为一种磁层模型，赖斯对流模型(RCM)假设电离层中的磁场是与旋转轴对齐的偶极子，因此目前不能用于处理纵向或季节性效应。另一方面，用于模拟电离层的草原景观发电机代码(PVDC)使用欧拉势，并使用完整的国际地磁参考场(IGRF)磁场模型来处理电离层电流。虽然PVDC不处理磁层，但它目前能够处理由风力驱动的电场和电流，包括季节性和纵向效应。这个项目的中心任务是产生一个新版本的RCM和相应的新版本的PVDC，它们都基于相同的欧拉势形式。新版本的RCM将与IGRF或其他真实的地球磁场模型兼容。在两个准则中使用相同的形式主义将促进协作和数据交换。一旦新的RCM被开发和测试，它将被应用于大型风暴中的快速穿透电场的研究，特别是纵向和季节性影响的研究。新的RCM计算机器将可用于纳入大型空间天气代码，其中包括热层、电离层和磁层的耦合全物理模型。改进后的PVDC将研究静止期电场的纵向变化。普莱里维尤农工大学是一所HBCU，95%的黑人学生入学。执行这一建议将加强该大学的研究能力，并鼓励更多在空间科学领域代表性不足的黑人学生参与拟议的项目。

The dynamic effects of the magnetosphere on electric fields in the low- and mid-latitude ionosphere constitute a crucial area of magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling that has received relatively little attention from researchers. During magnetic storms, electric fields generated in the magnetosphere penetrate promptly to low latitudes. These electric fields then play a major role in storm-associated disruptions of the ionosphere, including large-scale changes in ionospheric structures and equatorial Spread F. An understanding of longitudinal and seasonal effects is central to developing the ability to forecast these conditions, which have major space weather effects. Developed as a magnetospheric model, the Rice Convection Model (RCM) assumes that the magnetic field in the ionosphere is a dipole that is aligned with the rotation axis, so it cannot presently be used to treat longitudinal or seasonal effects. On the other hand, the Prairie View Dynamo Code (PVDC), which is used to model the ionosphere, uses Euler potentials and treats ionospheric currents using the full International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) magnetic field model. Although the PVDC does not treat the magnetosphere, it is presently capable of treating wind-driven electric fields and currents, including seasonal and longitudinal effects. The central task of this project is to produce a new version of the RCM and a corresponding new version of the PVDC, that are both based on the same Euler-potential formalism. The new version of the RCM will be compatible with the IGRF or other realistic models of the Earth's magnetic field. Use of the same formalism in both codes will facilitate collaboration and data exchange. Once the new RCM is developed and tested, it will be applied to the study of prompt-penetration electric fields in large storms, with particular emphasis on longitudinal and seasonal effects. The new RCM computational machinery will be available for incorporation into the large space weather codes that include coupled full-physics models of the thermosphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere. The improved PVDC will investigate the longitudinal variation of the quiet-time electric field. Prairie View A&M University is an HBCU with 95% black students enrolment. Carrying out this proposal would strengthen the University's research ability, and encourage more black students, who are underrepresented in the field of space science, to participate in the proposed project.