The Relationship Between Networks and Voluntary groups: A Proposal for Replication of the General Social Survey Voluntary Organization and Network Modules

该项目在2004年的一般社会调查中复制了两个模块-1985年的社会网络模块和志愿协会模块(以前是社会调查核心项目的一部分，但在1987年要求提供完整的样本)，并通过补充这些模块的一系列新项目将它们联系起来。复制的主要目的是检验理论理想，包括当前关于公民参与社团和网络的问题。例如，人们是如何加入志愿团体的？人们如何成为朋友和同事？过去在内布拉斯加州十个社区完成的研究表明，社会团体对成员的竞争和个人之间的社会网络支配着志愿组织的兴衰速度、在社会和地理空间中的地位以及社会构成。之前的研究也揭示了社交网络与其他个人的联系与团体和协会成员之间的强大关联。这两个模块中的问题从来没有在GSS上一起被问过，尽管目前对网络和小组过程的理论理解基本上是相互交织的。这些数据将使私人投资机构能够测试一个来自一般关联理论的关键问题：个人之间的网络联系与个人与志愿团体的从属关系是如何相关的？更具体地说，有多大比例的重要社会关系是由于在社交协会、工作小组等中的初始接触而形成的，反之，与这些群体和协会的联系有多大比例是由于先前与重要他人的联系而产生的？该项目将首次利用国家数据对来自联系生态理论的网络和群体假说进行检验。除了回答理论上的重要问题外，该项目还将对公民参与和社区嵌入进行重要的重新评估，这是在上一次以高质量的国家概率样本对这些问题进行重大研究近20年后进行的。生成的数据集将为研究志愿协会、公民参与、社会资本和/或社会网络的其他学者提供主要资源。在本研究背景下收集的信息将提供自愿协会的超级网络样本，这将产生这些群体的第一个真实的国家概率样本。这一抽样框架将有助于对这些团体本身及其内部形成的网络联系进行后续研究。

The project replicates in the 2004 General Social Survey (GSS) two modules -- the 1985 Social Network Module and the Voluntary Association Module (formerly a part of the core GSS items, but lasted asked of a full sample in 1987) as well as link them through a series of new items that supplement these modules. The primary purpose of the replication is to test theoretical ideals, including current questions about civic engagement in both associations and in networks. For example, how do people come to join voluntary groups? How do people become friends and associates? Past research completed in ten communities in Nebraska suggest that the competition of social groups for members and the social networks among individuals govern the rate of growth and decline, the position in social and geographical space, and the social composition of voluntary organization. Previous work has also revealed a powerful association between social network contacts with other individuals and membership in groups and associations. Questions in the two modules have never been asked together on the GSS, even though current theoretical understanding of network and group processes is fundamentally intertwined. These data will allow the PIs to test a key question from a general theory of association: How are the network connections between individuals and the affiliations of individuals to voluntary groups related? More specifically, what proportion of significant social relationships are formed as a result of initial contact in social associations, work groups, and the like, and, conversely, what proportion of connections with such groups and associations occur by virtue of prior connection with a significant other? This project will constitute the first test with national data of the hypotheses about networks and groups from the ecological theory of affiliation. In addition to answering theoretically important questions, the project will generate an important reassessment of civic engagement and community embeddedness almost 20 years after the last major study of these issues on a high quality national probability sample. The data set generated will provide a major resource for other scholars who study voluntary associations, civic engagement, social capital and/or social networks. Information gathered in the context of this study will provide a hypernetwork sample of voluntary associations, which will generate the first true national probability sample of these groups. This sampling frame will be useful for a follow-up study of the groups themselves, and of network ties formed within them.