Trapped Fermi Gases as Models of Strongly Interacting Matter

这个实验研究计划的目的是使用一个光学捕获，超冷，强烈相互作用的费米原子气体作为一个模型的异国情调，强烈相互作用的费米系统，包括核物质。实验将采用全光学方法。一个超稳定的二氧化碳激光阱将装载自旋向上和自旋向下的费米Li-6原子的混合物，通过在Feshbach共振附近的强制蒸发直接产生高度简并的、强相互作用的混合物。该计划的目标包括与核物质相关的三个主题：i）在非超流区域与超流区域中气体的流体动力学膨胀的研究，包括各向异性，剪切和粘度，以及表面张力; ii）通用相互作用的精确测量; iii）具有不等自旋混合物的费米气体中密度调制的测量。该计划的更广泛的影响涉及学生教育以及材料科学和凝聚态物理，核物理，高能物理和天体物理的应用。

This experimental research program is aimed at using an optically trapped, ultra cold, strongly interacting Fermi gas of atoms as a model for the exotic, strongly interacting Fermi systems comprising nuclear matter. The experiments will employ all-optical methods. An ultra stable carbon dixide laser trap will be loaded with a mixture of spin-up and spin-down Fermionic Li-6 atoms to directly produce highly degenerate, strongly interacting mixtures by forced evaporation near a Feshbach resonance. The goals of this program include three topics which are relevant to nuclear matter: i) The study of hydrodynamic expansion of the gas in the non-superfluid regime versus the super-fluid regime, including anisotropy, shear and viscosity, and surface tension; ii) Precision measurement of universal interactions; iii) Measurements of density modulation in Fermi gases with unequal spin mixtures. The broader impact of the program involves student education as well as applications to materials science and condensed matter physics, nuclear physics, high-energy physics, and astrophysics.