SBIR Phase I: Biomolecule Immobilization Chemistry for Nanomagnetic/Spintronic Biosensor Array

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目的目的是适应巨磁阻（GMR）传感器设备到“自旋电子”多分析物生物传感器。生物传感器技术的潜在价值在从医疗诊断到打击生物恐怖主义的广泛应用中得到了承认。磁性纳米/微米颗粒作为生物分子结合的标记物具有优势，包括稳定性和低背景信号。本计画将提供改良的生物分子耦合技术，以应用于某些GMR微电极阵列及开发中的顺磁性微珠的生物传感器。第一阶段的工作将包括光化学和电化学聚合物衍生物的合成和使用测试，用于将寡核苷酸结合到GMR电极的氮化硅表面和未涂覆的NiFe微粒。将通过荧光和磁性测定方法测量生物分子结合活性、稳定性和信号/噪声特性，并显示其等于或上级目前使用的测定方法。这些阶段I的结果预计将为优化阶段II中的生物分子固定化学提供坚实的技术背景，以及用于增强GMR生物传感器流动池的微流体通道涂层和盖粘附的新的但相关的潜在反应性聚合物。预计到2010年，微粒将占据超过50亿美元的基因组和蛋白质组测定一次性用品市场的很大一部分。它们有能力为军事、个人护理和安全领域的消费者提供大大降低的成本和增强的易用性。这些涂层将有助于实现芯片实验室传感器，该传感器可用于现场，以准确及时地读出生物危害，从而可能挽救人们的生命。此外，一种新的磁性材料通用涂层技术的发展将产生超越生物传感器的影响，包括铁磁流体，磁存储设备等。

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project is designed to adapt a Giant MagnetoResistive (GMR) sensor device into a "spintronic" multianalyte biosensor. The potential value of biosensor technology is being recognized for a wide range of applications, from medical diagnostics to countering bio-terrorism. Magnetic nano/microparticles present advantages as labels for biomolecule binding, including stability and low background signal. This project will provide improved biomolecule coupling technology for biosensor applications of certain GMRmicroelectrode array and the paramagnetic microbeads under development. The Phase I effort will include the synthesis and use testing of photochemical and electrochemical polymer derivatives for binding oligonucleotides to the silicon nitride surface of GMR electrodes and to uncoated NiFe microparticles. Biomolecule binding activity, stability, and signal/noise properties will be measured by fluorescent and magnetic assay methods and shown to be equal or superior to those of currently used assays. These Phase I results are expected to provide a solid technical background for optimizing the biomolecule immobilization chemistry in Phase II, as well as new but related latent-reactive polymers for enhanced microfluidic channel coating and lid adhesion for the GMR biosensor flow cell.Commercially coating reagents and procedures for specific biomolecule binding on microelectrode arrays and on paramagnetic metal nano/microparticles are expected to command a significant fraction of the greater than $5 billion genomic and proteomic assay disposables market expected by 2010. They have the capacity to give greatly lowered cost and enhanced ease of use for consumers in the military, personal care, and security fields. The coatings will help enable a lab-on-a-chip sensor that can be used in the field to give accurate and timely readouts on biohazards, potentially saving people's lives. Additionally, the development of a new general coating technology for magnetic materials will have impacts beyond biosensors, including ferrofluids, magnetic memory devices, and many others.