Analysis of phylogenetic relationships among Triticeae grasses II - The (allo)polyploid genera

牧草部落(直到最近才被称为小麦族)包括重要的谷物大麦、黑麦和小麦，以及饲草草和生态上重要的开阔景观类群。因此，这些分类群为很大一部分人类提供了主食。尽管关于不同属和种之间的关系的假说已经建立了一个多世纪，但该群的系统发育仍然没有最终解决。在第一个项目期间，我们开发了DNA捕获设计，使我们能够获得和下一代序列&gt；320核基因，均匀分布在部落成员的七条染色体上。我们利用这些基因座来阐明二倍体大麦类群的物种关系。现在我们将对多倍体分类群进行分析，以阐明大麦属异源多倍体属不同亲本物种的进化模式和参与其中。该部落的最终系统发育将通过目标基因座的序列捕获、Illumina平台上汇集的文库的测序、同源序列的分期以及基于融合的多倍体衍生序列以及已经从二倍体分类群获得的序列的系统发育分析来获得。我们的数据不仅将提供大麦亚科所有属的系统发育，而且还可以深入了解基因组部分的进化动态，以及估计大麦亚科分类群之间正在进行的渗入的数量。

The grass tribe Hordeeae (till recently called Triticeae) includes the important cereals barley, rye and wheat, together with fodder grasses and ecologically important taxa of open landscapes. Thus, the taxa provide staple food for large parts of the human population. Although hypotheses about relationships of the different genera and species were erected for more than a century the phylogeny of the group is still not finally resolved. During the first project period we developed a DNA capture design that allows us to obtain and next-generation sequence >320 nuclear genes, uniformly distributed on the seven chromosomes of the members of the tribe. We used these loci to clarify species relationships of diploid Hordeeae taxa. Now we will analyze the polyploid taxa, to clarify mode of evolution and involvement of the different parental species of the allopolyploid genera of Hordeeae. A final phylogeny of the tribe will be obtained by sequence capture of the target loci, sequencing of pooled libraries on the Illumina platform, phasing of homoeologs, and coalescent-based phylogenetic analyses of the polyploid-derived sequences together with such already obtained from the diploid taxa. Our data will not only provide a phylogeny of all genera of Hordeeae but allow also insights in evolutionary dynamics of genome parts as well as estimation of the amount of introgression that is going on among Hordeeae taxa.