Hormonal and Genetic Networks in Phyllotaxy

杰克逊，大卫。 NSF 0642707。 叶序中的激素和遗传网络植物的发育是通过不断地从称为分生组织的干细胞群中分化出器官来进行的，而茎器官如叶和花是以称为叶序的规则模式分化出来的。该项目的目的是了解这些模式是如何产生的，这是数学家，物理学家和生物学家长期感兴趣的问题。 在这个项目中，将研究调控叶启动和叶序的基因。这些基因的突变导致植物长出额外的叶子，并以相反的叶序发育，而不是玉米正常的交替模式。其中一个基因ABPHYL1已被分离出来，并编码细胞分裂素反应调节因子同源物。细胞分裂素是一种植物激素，ABPHYL1的调节及其与另一种重要的植物激素生长素的相互作用将被研究。 ABPHYL1调控的基因也已被鉴定，其功能将被阐明。 第二个基因座ABPHYL 2也调节叶序，该基因将被分离。 这项工作的影响将是提供一个更好的理解植物发育和激素信号之间的串扰。 这些研究还可能导致作物改良，因为规则模式的叶子的启动优化了有效光合作用的光捕获，并且在某些植物中提供了架构支持。这些研究的更广泛影响将通过对几个领域的贡献来实现，包括发育调节，形态发生和激素信号。这些研究也将引起其他学科研究人员的兴趣，如数学和计算机科学。 此外，博士后研究员，研究生和本科或高中学生将接受植物发育遗传学和生物信息学的培训。 研究产生的材料将用于CSHL和Dolan DNA学习中心的教学。

Jackson, David. NSF 0642707. Hormonal and Genetic Networks in Phyllotaxy.Plant development proceeds through the continuous initiation of organs from groups of stem cells called meristems, and shoot organs such as leaves and flowers, are initiated in regular patterns known as phyllotaxies. The aim of this project is to understand how these patterns are generated, a question that has been of long-term interest to mathematicians, physicists and biologists. In this project, genes that regulate leaf initation and phyllotaxy will be studied. Mutations in these genes cause plants to make extra leaves, and develop with opposite phyllotaxy rather than the alternating pattern that is normal for maize. One of the genes, ABPHYL1, has been isolated, and encodes a cytokinin response regulator homolog. Cytokinin is a plant hormone, and the regulation of ABPHYL1 and its interaction with another important plant hormone, auxin, will be studied. Genes that are regulated by ABPHYL1 have also been identified, and their functions will be elucidated. A second locus, ABPHYL2, also regulates phyllotaxy, and this gene will be isolated. The impact of this work will be to provide a greater understanding of the cross talk between plant developmental and hormone signaling. The studies could also lead to crop improvement, since the initiation of leaves in regular patterns optimizes light capture for efficient photosynthesis, and in some plants provides architectural support.These broader impacts of these studies will be through contributions to several areas, including developmental regulation, morphogenesis, and hormonal signaling. The studies will also be of interest to researchers in other disciplines, such as mathematics and computer science. In addition, a postdoctoral fellow, graduate student and undergraduate or high school students will be trained in plant developmental genetics and bioinformatics. Materials generated from the study will be used in teaching at CSHL and at the Dolan DNA Learning Center.