CAREER: Strongly Correlated Quantum Phenomena in Low-Dimensional Systems

技术概述：该职业奖支持低维系统中强相关量子现象的理论研究和教育。该研究计划采用一套通用的理论技术来探索三个这样的系统中的强相关物理，这些系统已经引起了科学界的关注，并且已经成为前沿实验研究的焦点：1)碳纳米管，2)捕获原子系统和3)分数量子霍尔系统。这些系统处理低维系统的互补方面，具有基础和技术价值。本研究项目将在以下三个具体领域进行：1)luttinger -液体物理和自旋-电荷分离：luttinger -液体物理具有一维特征，将在纳米管和俘获原子系统中探索探针和特征特征，重点研究自旋-电荷（密度）分离。最近才在固态系统中观察到的新物理学，将通过利用前所未有的调谐能力，在被困原子团簇中进行探索。ii)纳米管中的量子点物理：放置在隧道触点之间的短纳米管显示出量子点行为，这可以用于量子器件应用。本文将对这种纳米管的量子态进行表征，并提出在耦合管中实现量子纠缠的方案。iii)分数统计量的测量：将研究在量子霍尔系统中检测分数统计量的前景。其目的是确定可以用于测量和分析的实验结果，这些结果将允许识别分数量子数的明确特征。教育部分包括从高中到研究生阶段教育的相互联系的教育和推广计划，寻求加强代表性不足群体的参与，并包括国际层面。这项活动包括为女教师、研究人员和女学生举办的讲习班；与韦尔斯利学院互动，共享和开发本科生教育资源；PI与印度班加罗尔科学教育协会合作开展外联活动，促进了对当地高中的外联活动；并对“发现式”实验单元在全面振兴实验课程中的具体贡献。非技术总结：该职业奖支持理论研究和教育，以了解非常小的电子系统和电子的复杂行为，这些行为被限制在平面或直线上。该奖项亦透过鼓励学生参与研究，以及在本地及国际层面的推广工作，支持教育，特别是与纳米科技有关的新领域。这项研究主要研究小型原子组合的电子结构，包括碳纳米管，它在纳米技术中扮演着越来越重要的角色。理论技术将得到发展，并用于描述在极小型化设备中使用的材料的不完全理解的电子特性。这些都必须采用量子理论来控制这些小系统的动力学，并建立和扩展将理论技术应用于小纳米级结构的最新进展。本研究具有一定的理论和技术价值。它旨在直接参与在超小型实验系统中遇到的问题，这些问题现在正受到实验物理学和以技术为重点的研究人员的密切关注。从技术角度来看，这些在小受限材料中的量子物理研究将支持构建纳米级器件的工作，并实现新兴的量子信息科学领域提出的未来技术进步。

TECHNICAL SUMMARY:This CAREER award supports theoretical research and education on strongly correlated quantum phenomena in low-dimensional systems. The research plan employs a common set of theoretical techniques to explore strongly correlated physics in three such systems which have drawn the attention of the scientific community and have been the focus of cutting-edge experimental investigations: 1) carbon nanotubes, 2) trapped atomic systems and 3) fractional quantum Hall systems. These systems address complementary aspects of low-dimensional systems and have both fundamental and technological value. The major focus of this research program will in three specific arenas:i) Luttinger-liquid physics and spin-charge separation: Probes and characteristic signatures of the Luttinger-liquid physics, which is characteristic of one dimension, will be explored in nanotubes and trapped atomic systems with emphasis on spin-charge (density) separation. Novel physics, only recently observed in solid state systems, will be explored in the trapped atomic clusters by exploiting the unprecedented level of tuning capability that is possible.ii) Quantum dot physics in nanotubes: Short nanotubes placed between tunnel contacts have displayed quantum dot behavior, which could be exploited for quantum-device applications. The quantum states of such nanotubes will be characterized, and schemes will be proposed for realizing quantum entanglement in coupled tubes.iii) Measurement of fractional statistics: The prospect of detecting fractional statistics in quantum Hall systems will be investigated. The intent is to identify experimental consequences that may be described for measurements and analyses which will permit identification of clear-cut signatures of fractional quantum numbers.The education component consists of interconnected plans for education and outreach that span high school to graduate level education, seek to enhance participation of underrepresented groups, and include an international dimension. Included in this activity are workshops for women faculty, researchers, and students; interaction with Wellesley to share and develop educational resources for undergraduates; outreach to local high schools that is stimulated by the PI's collaboration on outreach activities with the Bangalore Association for Scientific Education in India; and specific contributions to "discovery-style" experimental units in a sweeping revitalization of laboratory courses.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY:This CAREER award supports theoretical research and education into the unusual physics that underlies the complex behaviors of very small electronic systems and electrons that are confined to planes or lines. The award also supports education, particularly as it relates to the new area of nanotechnology, through the involvement of students in the research and a range of outreach efforts at both the local and international level. The research effort investigates electronic structure of small assemblies of atoms, including carbon nanotubes which have a rapidly growing role in nanotechnology. Theoretical techniques will be developed and used to describe the incompletely-understood electronic properties of materials when employed in extremely miniaturized devices. These will necessarily employ quantum theory governing the dynamics of such small systems and build on and extend the recent advances in applying the theoretical techniques to small nanoscale structures. The research has both theoretical and technological value. It is designed to engage directly issues encountered in ultra-small experimental systems that are now receiving intense scrutiny by researchers in experimental physics and technology-focused investigations. From the technological perspective, these studies of quantum physics in small confined materials will be supportive of work towards building nanoscale devices and realizing future technological advances put forth by the newly emerging field of quantum information science.