GSE/SGER: Cross-National Differences in Women's Participation in Computer Science Education between India and the United States

在美国，获得计算机科学（CS）学士学位的女性比例相对较低。令人担忧的是，考虑主修计算机科学的女性比例最近降到了前所未有的水平。然而，与美国的情况相反，大多数指标表明，在印度，攻读信息技术（IT）相关领域（包括计算机科学）学士学位的女性人数显著增加。尽管印度父权制盛行，但这是一种在家庭和社会中通过赋予男性更高的权利、特权、权威和权力而合法化的男性主导制度。本研究将考察印度女性参与CS教育的情况，并将其与美国的情况进行比较。它建立在以前由美国国家科学基金会资助的研究的基础上，对印度的人口使用了类似的测量方法。目前这项工作是由美国国家科学基金会国际科学与工程办公室（OISE）共同资助的。这项研究是印度理工学院德里分校和德里大学的一项国际合作成果。这一国际合作努力将与跨学科方法相结合，将社会科学专业知识与计算机科学专业知识联系起来。新墨西哥大学、印度理工学院金奈分校、印度理工学院孟买分校和孟买塔塔基础研究所（TIFR）的计算机科学教师将担任顾问。结合来自美国和印度的观点以及社会科学和计算机科学学科的见解，将使我们对两国性别和计算机科学教育的复杂问题的理解比在单一国家观点和学科的范围内工作更彻底。在智力上，这个项目将是第一个从跨国角度解决计算机科学教育中的性别问题的研究。它将揭示来自不同国家的男性和女性在计算机科学事业上的巨大差异是如何产生、维持和减少的。更广泛的影响更广泛的影响包括加强美国和印度之间的联系，因为他们建立在各自的国家专业知识基础上，进一步开展联合研究。该项目将展示如何调整计算机科学教学和课程，以提高美国和印度妇女的参与程度。

In the United States, the percentage of women earning bachelor's degrees in computer science (CS) is relatively low. Alarmingly, the proportion of women who considered a major in CS has recently fallen to never-before-seen levels. However, contrary to the situation in the United States, most indicators suggest that there has been a significant increase in the number of women pursuing a bachelor's degree in information technology (IT) related fields including CS in India. This is despite the prevalence of Indian patriarchy--a system of male dominance legitimized within the family and society through superior rights, privileges, authority, and power granted to men. This study will examine female participation in CS education in India and compare it with the situation in the United States. It builds on previous NSF-funded research in the United States by using similar measures for a population in India. This current effort is co-funded by the NSF Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE).The study is an international collaborative effort with faculty at the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi) and the University of Delhi. This international collaborative effort will be combined with an interdisciplinary approach to link expertise in social sciences with expertise in CS. CS faculty at the University of New Mexico, IIT Chennai, IIT Bombay, and the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) in Mumbai will serve as consultants. Combining insights from the American and Indian perspectives on the one hand and social science and CS disciplines on the other hand will improve our understanding of complex issues on gender and CS education in both countries more thoroughly than would be afforded by working within the confines of a single national perspective and discipline.Intellectual MeritIntellectually, this project will be the first study to address gender issues in CS education from a cross-national perspective. It will shed light on how the wide disparities in the careers of men and women from different countries in CS come about, are maintained, and reduced.Broader ImpactBroader impacts include strengthening bonds between the United States and India as they build upon their national expertise toward furthering joint research. The project will demonstrate how CS instruction and curriculum can be restructured to improve the participation of women in the United States as well as in India.