Nonlinear quantum hydrodynamics in ultracold Bose and Fermi gases

这个实验研究计划研究量子流体力学在一个深度非线性制度。 拟议的实验建立在激光冷却，原子捕获和原子操纵的最新快速进展的基础上，以研究稀释玻色子和费米子气体中的量子冲击波，包括玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚，简并费米气体和玻色-费米混合物。这些系统将作为进行量子冲击实验的原型，近乎理想的工具。量子冲击是由色散而不是耗散决定的，因此与经典冲击有很大的不同。 它们表现出丰富的动力学，包括拓扑有趣的孤子串的形成，多相行为和真空点。 计划中的实验将引起广泛的兴趣;例如，在太阳风和非线性光学介质中存在相关的色散激波。 这些实验将为学生提供一个很好的机会来获得重要的研究经验。 所涉及的实验技术的多样性-包括激光和光学，真空，电子，自动化编程-为学生提供了一个理想的培训基地。 为实验开发的部分技术也将提供给课堂科学教育，并将适用于高级本科实验室课程。

This experimental research program investigates quantum hydrodynamics in a deeply nonlinear regime. The proposed experiments build on the recent rapid advances in laser cooling, atom trapping and atom manipulation to study quantum shockwaves in dilute bosonic and fermionic gases, including Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and Bose-Fermi mixtures. These systems will serve as a prototypical, nearly ideal tool to conduct quantum shock experiments. Quantum shocks are governed by dispersion rather than by dissipation and thus differ significantly from classical shocks. They display rich dynamics, including topologically interesting soliton train formation, multiphase behavior and vacuum points. The planned experiments will be of broad interest; related dispersive shocks exist for example in the solar wind and in nonlinear optical media. The experiments will provide students with a great opportunity to gain significant research experience. The diversity of the involved experimental techniques - including lasers and optics, ultrahigh vacuum, electronics, automation programming - provides an ideal training ground for the students. Parts of the technologies developed for the experiments will also be made available to in-class science education, and will be adapted for use in a senior level undergraduate lab class.