STTR Phase I: Zero-Power Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Sensing Tags

这项小型企业技术转移研究（STTR）第一阶段研究项目的重点是开发一个集成了零功率射频识别传感标签（RFID-ST）的智能传感器网络，该网络结合了数字微机电系统（MEMS）开关技术和可重构射频天线，适用于各种分布式传感器应用。虽然微型传感器技术看起来很有前途，但不幸的是，大多数传感器都很耗能，而且传感器的电池寿命很短。大量远程和自主分布式传感器的成本和维护已成为一个主要问题。提出的可重构RFID-ST不需要专用电源；相反，在选择性检测感兴趣的特殊试剂（例如爆炸物，化学或生物制剂，非法药物等）后，这种微小的低成本传感器芯片在远程射频读取器/传感器定期询问时报告信号。RFID-ST是一种通用传感器平台，由此产生的产品几乎可以部署在任何战略位置，包括但不限于运输安全、基础设施、检测和对抗简易爆炸装置（ied）。RFID-ST可用于识别爆炸性、工业有毒气体、化学和生物威胁剂、非法药物、环境病原体等。无线遥感是技术发展的一个重要领域，它可以满足商业和私营部门应用的一些需求，包括识别各种有毒气体、生物威胁剂、爆炸物和环境病原体。在检测化学品泄漏、污染物和非法储存有害物质方面存在环境和监管用途；工业用户将能够监控化学品储存和处理系统。

This Small Business Technology Transfer Research (STTR) Phase I research project focuses on developing a smart sensor network integrated with Zero-Power Radio Frequency Identification Sensing Tags (RFID-ST) that combines the technology of a digital Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) switch and a reconfigurable RF antenna for a wide variety of distributed sensor applications. While micro sensor technologies appear very promising, unfortunately, most of sensors are energy hungry and the battery life of the sensor is very short. The cost and maintenance of a large number of remote and autonomous distributed sensors has become a major issue. The proposed reconfigurable RFID-ST requires no dedicated power source; rather, after selective detection of special agents of interest (e.g. explosive, chemical or biological agents, illegal drug etc.), this tiny, low cost sensor chip reports back the signal when it is interrogated periodically by a remote RF reader/transducer. The RFID-ST is a generic sensor platform, the resulting products which can be deployed virtually anywhere strategically, includes but not limited to, the safety of transportation, infrastructure, and detection and countermeasure to Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs). The RFID-ST can be developed to identify explosive, industrial toxic gas, chemical and biological threat agents, illegal drugs, environmental pathogens, etc. Wireless remote sensing is an important area of technology development which can address a number of needs for commercial and private section applications that including identification of various toxic gas, biological threat agents, explosive, and environmental pathogens. Environmental and regulatory uses exist in the detection of chemical leaks, contaminants, and illegal storage of hazardous materials; and industrial users would be able to monitor chemical storage and processing systems.