Evolutionary Game Theoretic Investigations into Color Category Evolution

颜色的分类已经被语言学家、人类学家和心理学家广泛研究了100多年。 它是跨文化，比较和历史研究的理想主题，因为颜色的生理处理是众所周知的，有建立的感知颜色外观的心理模型，有公认的方法来测量颜色外观并将其分类用于工业用途，并且存在包括由各种种族语言群体使用的各种各样的语言来命名和分类颜色的大型数据集。 这个大型的跨学科文献包括一些长期存在的争议，最突出的是颜色命名系统是基于生理过程的普遍方面（普遍主义）与文化方面（相对主义）的程度。 普遍主义-相对主义问题长期存在的一个原因是，缺乏一种基于数学的方法来重新创建不断发展的颜色命名系统可能采取的可能路径。 这一缺陷阻碍了对相关普遍主义和相对主义机制的作用进行适当的评估。该项目将继续研究人员的工作，开发一种方法，以适用于颜色命名研究中突出的理论和经验问题的方式发展颜色类别。 特别是将经济学中的演化博弈论方法应用于心理色彩范畴的社会演化问题。 该理论的核心是利用颜色术语的语义，通过对颜色信息的重要性进行加权，实现颜色信息的高效传递。 心理学从交际效果的角度限制了语义的使用，文化从文化重要性的角度限制了语义的使用。 这项研究还着眼于如何有效的语义代码在人口中包含颜色受损的观察员亚群的演变。 (The关于颜色命名的研究文献通常在数据收集和理论建模中排除这类受损的观察者，尽管有一些例外。 这项研究也有工业应用的情况下，涉及殖民地的机器人进化的语言分类方案，以有效地沟通，并有效地翻译成人类语言。

The categorization of color has been extensively studied by linguists, anthropologists, and psychologists for more than 100 years. It is an ideal subject matter for cross-cultural, comparative, and historical studies because the physiological processing of color is well-understood, there are established psychological models of perceptual color appearances, there are accepted methods for measuring color appearances and cataloging them for industrial use, and there are large data sets that include a wide variety of languages used by various ethnolingusitic populations to name and classify colors. This large interdisciplinary literature includes a number of long-lasting controversies, the most prominent being the degree to which color naming systems are based on universal aspects of physiological processing (universalism) versus cultural aspects (relativism). One reason the universalism-relativism issue has been long-lasting is that there has been a lack of a mathematically based methodology to recreate the possible paths that evolving color naming systems may take. This deficiency obstructs appropriate evaluations of the roles of relevant universalist and relativist mechanisms.The project will continue the investigators' work developing a methodology for evolving color categories in manners that are applicable to outstanding theoretical and empirical issues in color naming research. In particular, methods of evolutionary game theory of economics will be applied to the problem of the social evolution of psychological color categories. The core of the theory is that the semantics of color terminology is used for the efficient transmission of color information weighted by the importance of the information. Psychology puts constraints on what semantics should be used in terms of communication efficacy and culture puts constraints on which semantics should be used in terms of cultural importance. The research also looks at how efficient semantic codes evolve in populations containing subpopulations of color impaired observers. (The research literature on color naming generally excludes this impaired class of observers in data collection and theoretical modeling, although there are a few exceptions.) The research also has industrial applications to situations involving colonies of robots evolving linguistic categorization schemes for efficient communication among themselves and for efficient translation into human languages.