Cloud Radiative Forcing in the High Arctic

北极被认为是一个对气候变化特别敏感的地区，气候变化的影响并不局限于区域，而是延伸到整个全球气候系统。云辐射强迫和地表对这种强迫的响应是相互竞争的反馈机制的组成部分，可以增强或减弱北极系统对气候变化的响应。这个项目的重点是根据在广泛的地面和云条件下进行的测量来研究辐射强迫。提供资金，利用设计坚固的传感器获取地表辐射预算的关键组成部分的测量数据，这些传感器都已在以前的破冰船考察中成功部署。在2007年夏末冰封期间，将观测到决定云对北极高纬度地区地表辐射收支影响的物理过程。在俄罗斯核动力破冰船亚马尔号的一次国际合作探险中，进入北极中部高地提供了一个独特的机会，可以对这个遥远而充满挑战的地区进行采样。该项目的时间正好在国际极地年，测量结果补充了“国际北极大气观测系统”（IASOA）站和美国能源部巴罗（Barrow）的ARM站点的测量结果，这些站点都位于沿海地区。

The Arctic is recognized as an area that is particularly sensitive to climate change, the effects of which are not regionally limited but extend to the entire, global climate system. Cloud radiative forcing and the surface response to such forcing are components of competing feedback mechanisms that can enhance or dampen the response of the Arctic system to changes in climate. This project is focused on the study of radiative forcing based on measurements to be taken in a wide range of surface and cloud conditions. Funds are provided to acquire measurements of the critical components of the surface radiation budget using sensors of robust design, all having been successfully deployed on prior icebreaker expeditions. The physical processes that determine the effects of clouds on the surface radiation budget in the High Arctic will be observed during the end-of-summer freezeup in 2007. Access to the central High Arctic during an international collaborative expedition aboard the Russian nuclear-powered icebreaker Yamal presents a unique opportunity to sample this remote and challenging region of the globe. The timing of the project falls within the International Polar Year and the measurements complement those of the "International Arctic Systems for Observing the Atmosphere" (IASOA) stations, and the DOE ARM site at Barrow, all of which are coastal.