CAREER: Innovation of Institutional Rules in the Governance of Common Resources

共享池或公共池的管理？资源--如共享的牧场或渔场，或某一行业或专业脆弱的声誉--是一个棘手的问题。一些缔约方在从资源中榨取个人价值时，过度消耗、污染或以其他方式损害资源的可能性一直存在。到目前为止，研究人员已经确定了人类如何组织起来管理公共资源的基本原则，但这些原则大多是静态的。这个项目寻求的目标是发展下一代的理解：是什么让团体成功地改变了管理与公共资源相关的行为的制度规则？小组实验和基于代理的建模技术将用于测试人们在交互时如何创建正式规则，以及规则集如何以及为什么演变。空间上明确的实时实验环境将允许研究人员测试为不同类型的生态系统制定正式规则的情况。来自实验的数据被用来开发基于主体的模型，以检查更广泛的生态和宪法安排类型中的制度演变和适应。作为这一职业项目的一部分，将为受试者创建模拟的、视觉上引人注目的公共泳池环境，供他们在实验期间使用。这些模拟将被改编用于教育用途。它们将使学生了解更多关于公共池的知识，学习相关计算，并学习在复杂的社会情况下构建治理机制。还将开发一本关于社会模拟的电子书，以帮助其他学者开发有用的材料。

Management of shared or ?common pool? resources -- like shared grazing or fishing grounds or the fragile reputation of an industry or profession -- is a hard problem. The possibility that some parties will over consume, pollute or otherwise damage the resource as they extract their personal value from it is always present. To date, researchers have identified basic principles for how humans organize themselves to govern common resources, but these are mostly static principles. This project seeks aims to develop a next-generation understanding: what makes groups successful in changing the institutional rules that govern behavior related to common resources? Group experiments and agent-based modeling techniques will be used to test how people create formal rules as they interact and how and why rule sets evolve. The spatially explicit real-time experimental environment will allow researchers to test the crafting of formal rules for diverse types of ecologies. Data from experiments are used to develop agent-based models to examine institutional evolution and adaptation in a wider set of typologies of ecologies and constitutional arrangements. As part of this CAREER project, simulated, visually compelling, common pool environments will be created for subjects to use during experiments. These simulations will be adapted for educational use. They will enable students to learn more about common pools, to learn relevant computations, and to learn to craft governance mechanisms in complex social situations. An e-book on social simulation will also be developed, to help other scholars develop useful materials.