Genetic and Genomic Approaches to Understanding the Role of Auxin in Shoot Development

派：Paula McSteen(宾夕法尼亚州立大学)Copi：Simon Malcomber(加州州立大学-长滩)Copi：Andrea Gallavotti(加州大学圣地亚哥分校)Copi：云德赵(加州大学圣地亚哥分校)高级人员：Naomi Altman(宾夕法尼亚州立大学)高级人员：Reka Albert(宾夕法尼亚州立大学)合作者：Robert Schmidt(加州大学圣地亚哥分校)激素生长素几乎调节植物生长和发育的方方面面，包括叶片和花的形成，以及茎和花簇(花序)的分枝。这个项目的长期目标是了解植物地上部分的生长是如何通过生长素生物合成、运输和信号转导途径来调节的，以及这些机制和相互作用在大约250,000种开花植物中被保存的程度。利用玉米的高通量正向遗传学和玉米和拟南芥的比较表达谱相结合的方法，将识别和鉴定在生长素介导的新梢发育中起作用的基因。反向遗传分析将被用来揭示这些途径中的基因功能，而这些功能可能仅从正向遗传方法中并不明显。将使用转基因报告系结合表型、表达和特征突变体的遗传分析来分析基因功能，以组装一个遗传相互作用网络。将建立一个基因调控网络模型，将表达谱数据与遗传和生化相互作用研究相结合。利用现有的基因组数据和研究过程中分离的基因对已鉴定的基因家族进行系统发育分析，将为所有开花植物生长素机制的保守和多样化提供一个框架和一系列可检验的假说。通过一系列的培训和推广项目，该项目将为高中生、本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员提供学习和应用广泛的遗传、发育、进化、基因组、统计学、数学和生物信息学工具的机会。一年一度的夏季研讨会和交流计划将加强跨学科的植物科学培训和跨领域的对话。该项目的成果将被纳入美国植物学会的种植科学计划(http://www.plantingscience.org/))，为全国的高中生创建在线开放式、基于探究的教材，重点关注生长素的作用和植物生物学的跨学科性质。该项目的材料将提供新的资源和工具，以研究生长素在开花植物中的生长和发育中所起的作用，并为提高不同作物物种的作物产量提供新的信息和策略。项目数据将通过项目网站(http://www.auxinevodevo.org).)提供此外，突变体库将从玉米库房库存中心获得(http://maizecoop.cropsci.uiuc.edu/)，表型和遗传数据，包括图谱位置将存储在MaizeGDB中(http://www.maizegdb.org/)，表达谱数据将存储在植物表达数据库(http://www.plexdb.org/)，系统发育树将保存在TreeBase(http://www.treebase.org))上，序列将保存在Genbank(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)和Plants Gdb(http://www.plantgdb.org).

PI: Paula McSteen (The Pennsylvania State University)CoPI: Simon Malcomber (California State University - Long Beach)CoPI: Andrea Gallavotti (University of California, San Diego)CoPI: Yunde Zhao (University of California, San Diego. Senior Personnel: Naomi Altman (The Pennsylvania State University)Senior Personnel: Reka Albert (The Pennsylvania State University)Collaborator: Robert Schmidt (University of California, San Diego)The hormone auxin regulates almost every aspect of plant growth and development, including leaf and flower formation, and stem and flower cluster (inflorescence) branching. The long-term goal of this project is to understand how shoot (the above ground portion of a plant) growth is regulated through pathways of auxin biosynthesis, transport and signal transduction, and the extent to which these mechanisms and interactions are conserved among the approximately 250,000 described species of flowering plants. Genes that function in auxin mediated shoot development will be identified and characterized using a combination of high throughput forward genetics in maize and comparative expression profiling in both maize and Arabidopsis. Reverse genetic analyses will be used to uncover the function of genes in these pathways that may not be apparent from forward genetic approaches alone. Gene function will be analyzed using transgenic reporter lines coupled with phenotypic, expression and genetic analyses of characterized mutants to assemble a network of genetic interactions. A gene regulatory network model will be built to integrate the data from expression profiling together with genetic and biochemical interaction studies. Phylogenetic characterization of identified gene families using available genomic data and genes isolated during the course of the research will provide a framework and series of testable hypotheses concerning the conservation and diversification of auxin mechanisms in all flowering plants. The findings from this project will lead to a better understanding of how auxin controls shoot growth and development in agronomically and economically important crops.Through a series of training and outreach programs this project will provide opportunities for high school students, undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers to learn and apply a broad range of genetic, developmental, evolutionary, genomic, statistical, mathematical and bioinformatic tools. Annual summer workshops and exchange programs will augment inter-disciplinary plant science training and dialog across fields. Results from the project will be incorporated into the Botanical Society of America's Planting Science program (http://www.plantingscience.org/) to create online open-ended, inquiry-based educational materials focusing on the role of auxin and the interdisciplinary nature of plant biology for high school students across the nation. Materials from this project will provide new resources and tools to investigate the role played by auxin in plant growth and development across flowering plants, and new information and strategies for improving crop yield in diverse crop species. Project data will be made available through the project website (http://www.auxinevodevo.org). In addition, mutant stocks will be available from the Maize Coop Stock Center (http://maizecoop.cropsci.uiuc.edu/), phenotypic and genetic data including map locations will be deposited at MaizeGDB (http://www.maizegdb.org/), expression profiling data will be deposited at the Plant Expression Database (http://www.plexdb.org/), phylogenetic trees will be deposited at TREEBASE (http://www.treebase.org) and sequences will be deposited in Genbank(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and Plant GDB (http://www.plantgdb.org).