An Online Course in Human Skeletal Biology

人类学（81）从历史上看，学习人类骨骼一直是一种“动手”的体验，学生们在课堂上检查，测量和比较实际骨骼的骨骼，同时使用教科书指导他们的学习。这种学习经验的质量在很大程度上取决于是否有基本教材。由于这些持有量从一个机构到下一个有很大的不同，教育经验在很大程度上取决于现有的材料。认识到这些人工制品材料的有限可用性，几年前建立了一个专门用于人类和灵长类动物骨骼的数字图书馆：www.eclietons.org。该网站是NSF国家科学数字图书馆的早期组成部分，沿着其2D和3D多媒体材料和交互性，有助于扩展数字图书馆的定义。埃克塞特资源为有关人类和灵长类动物骨骼的详细参考信息提供了“一站式”。 它包括稀有和濒危灵长类动物物种的数字化骨骼，以扩大学生对一些很少研究的人类近亲的理解。Escheretons的用户群体由不同年龄和年级的学习者组成，他们在访问网站时的预期学习成果也各不相同。 这些用户的经验使我们认识到，许多用户、学生和教师将受益于包含一个课程，该课程将为他们提供一个更有针对性和个性化的（但仍有指导性的自学），教授和测试他们对骨骼的理解。因此，这个项目是建立在easteretons材料，以创建一个在线课程，在人类骨骼生物学。最初的工作是集中在上师本科课程，正在实施和测试在得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校。在线课程结合了多媒体自定进度的学习模块和考试，教授和测试学生对主题的掌握。 这种异步学习环境的一个优点是，学生可以学习和审查材料，而不考虑实验室开放时间或骨的可用性，因为虚拟材料总是只是一个鼠标点击。学生可以在掌握了主题后参加考试，而不是按照预设的时间表。由于网站是围绕数据库设计的，其层次结构可用于评估特定学生如何浏览学习材料，预计这种跟踪将揭示其他学习模式，这些模式既针对学生，也更普遍适用于其他学习者。

Anthropology (81)Historically, learning about the human skeleton has been, quite literally, a "hands on" experience, with students examining, measuring, and comparing the bones from actual skeletons in the classroom while using a textbook to direct their study. The quality of this learning experience is in large part determined by the availability of the skeletal teaching materials. Because these holdings vary considerably from one institution to the next, the educational experience depends significantly on available materials. In recognition of the limited availability of these artifact materials, a digital library devoted to the human and primate skeleton was constructed a few years ago: www.eSkeletons.org. This website was an early component of NSF's National Science Digital Library and, along with its 2D and 3D multimedia materials and interactivity, helped to expand the definition of what constitutes a digital library. The eSkeletons resource provides a "one stop shop" for detailed reference information about the human and primate skeleton. It includes the digitized skeletons of rare and endangered primate species in order to expand the student's understanding of some rarely studied close relatives of humans. The eSkeletons' user community is represented by a diverse body of learners who vary by age and grade level, and who differ in their expected learning outcomes in visiting the site. Experience with these users led to the realization that many users, students, and teachers would benefit from the inclusion of a curriculum that would provide them with a more focused and individualized (but still directed self-study) that taught and tested them about their understanding of the skeleton. Thus, this project is building on the eSkeletons materials to create an online course in Human Skeletal Biology. The initial work is focusing on an upper division undergraduate course that is being implemented and tested at the University of Texas at Austin. The online course incorporates multimedia self-paced learning modules and exams that teach and test the student's mastery of the subject matter. An advantage of this asynchronous learning environment is that students can study and review materials without regard to lab open hours or bone availability because virtual materials are always just a mouse click away. Students can take their exams when they have mastered the topic, rather than following a preset schedule. Because the website is designed around a database, its hierarchical structure can be used to evaluate how a particular student navigates through the learning materials, and it is anticipated that this sort of tracking will reveal other learning patterns that are both student-specific and more generally applicable to other learners.