KFO 274: Platelets - Molecular Mechanisms and Translational Implications

血小板在止血和血栓形成中起重要作用。血小板功能紊乱会导致或加重心肌梗塞、中风、动脉粥样硬化和静脉血栓栓塞等疾病。血小板相关疾病代表了患者入院和治疗的主要原因和适应症，并且其发病率正在增加。近年来，已经提出血小板与伤口愈合、免疫防御、炎症、血管生成、肿瘤进展/转移和患病组织的再生的关联。血小板聚集在血管和组织损伤部位，并与周围各种靶细胞相互作用。血小板通过特异性粘附受体的直接相互作用或通过释放炎症介质（微环境）影响附近的中央细胞功能。因此，血小板将细胞和体液因子聚集在组织/血管损伤部位，引导细胞功能的中心方面，从而调节组织再生和器官功能恢复的过程。通过与细胞和可溶性因子的相互作用，血小板构成与多种疾病相关的交叉点（血小板体）的中心点。近年来，血小板研究在临床和基础研究方面都有了很大的发展。因此，我们改进的病理生理学见解使我们能够设计新的诊断和治疗方法，特别是针对心血管疾病（转化方面）。如今，许多患者受益于新的诊断工具的应用以及特异性抗血小板药物的帮助。临床研究单位“血小板-分子机制和翻译影响”的目的是深入了解整合机制，血小板如何调整血栓形成/止血，炎症，血管生成，细胞凋亡或免疫防御（“先天免疫”）的过程，以及使用从细胞到小鼠再到患者的疾病模型对疾病产生的影响。临床研究部门专注于跨学科研究协会内的疾病和患者相关假设。临床研究部门与我们现有的结构（“Tübingen Platelet Investigative Consortium，TuePIC”）一起，在基础研究和临床相关研究与患者之间提供密切合作，专注于改善医疗保健，并提供高度的转化视角，以促进有针对性的医疗应用（个性化医疗）。

Platelets play an important role for haemostasis and thrombosis. Disturbed platelet function causes or aggravates diseases such as myocardial infarction, stroke, atherosclerosis and venous thromboembolisms. Platelet-related diseases represent a major reason and indication for patient admission and treatment, and its incidence is increasing. In recent years, associations of platelets with wound healing, immune defense, inflammation, angiogenesis, tumor progression/ metastasis and regeneration of the diseased tissue have been proposed. Platelets accumulate at site of vascular and tissue injuey and interact with a variety of surrounding target cells. Central cell functions in close proximity are influenced by platelets through direct interactions via specific adhesion receptors or by release of inflammatory mediators (microenvironment). Consequently, platelets bring together cellular and humoral factors at the site of tissue/ vascular injury, channel central aspects of cell function and thereby regulate processe of tissue regeneration and restoration of organ function. Through interaction with cellular and soluble factors, platelets constitute a central point of intersection (thrombocytosome) relevant for a variety of diseases. Platelet research has developed dynamically in recent years concerning clinical as well as basic research. Accordingly, our improved pathophysiological insights enabled us to design new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, particularly for cardiovascular diseases (translational aspect). Nowadays, many patients benefit from application of new diagnostic tools together with the aid of specific anti-platelet drugs. The aim of the Clinical Research Unit "Platelets - molecular mechanisms and translational implications" is to gain profound insights into integrative mechanisms, how platelets tailor processes of thrombosis/haemostasis, inflammation, angiogenesis, apoptosis or immune defense ("innate immunity") and resulting implications for disease using disease models from cell to mouse to patients. The Clinical Research Unit is focused on disease- and patienten-relevant hypotheses within a interdisciplinary research association. Providing a close cooperation between basic research and clinically relevant studies with patients the Clinical Research Unit in conjunction with our existing structures ("Tübingen Platelet Investigative Consortium, TuePIC") concentrates on the improvement of health care and offers a high degree of translational perspective to facilitate a targeted application of medical treatment (individualized medicine).