AON: Thermal State of Permafrost (TSP) in North America and Northern Eurasia: The US Contribution to the International network of Permafrost Observatories (INPO)

摘要目前还没有一个全球性的数据库来定义冻土在特定时间段内的热状态。在国际上，在过去的五十年或更长的时间里，已经在不同的深度和时期获得了报告或未公布的温度测量结果，并且已知这些温度在不同区域以不同的速率变化。对这些钻孔中获得的温度测量结果进行分析，提供了长期地表气候变化（深孔）和地表边界层（中间深度）年际至十年变化的历史记录。全球陆地永久冻土网络（GTN-P）是1990年代末在世界气象组织（WMO）下建立的一个基于元数据的系统，目前可以访问两极地区超过425个有记录的钻孔和165个活动层站点。在阿拉斯加，GTN-P中存在两个主要的钻孔系列，其观测可追溯到20世纪70年代;美国地质调查局深钻孔（125米）和阿拉斯加大学？s中间钻孔（100米）。这项工作将把阿拉斯加的大约80个钻孔与欧亚北方其他国家的观测点连接起来，从而启动国际冻土观测站网络。这项工作将协调在阿拉斯加钻孔地点和俄罗斯若干选定地点使用标准设备和协议收集数据。阿拉斯加和欧亚钻孔温度数据集将为重建过去的地表温度提供基线，以评估近地表永久冻土温度和永久冻土边界的未来变化率，并为气候情景模型和温度再分析方法的验证提供空间数据。

AbstractThere exists no global database that defines the thermal state of permafrost within a specific time interval. Internationally, reported or unpublished temperature measurements have been obtained at various depths and periods over the past five or more decades, and it is known that these temperatures have changed at different rates in different regions. Analysis of temperature measurements obtained in these boreholes provides historical records of secular surface climate changes (deep holes) and interannual to decadal changes in surface boundary layer (intermediate depths). The Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost (GTN-P) is a metadata based system established in the late 1990s under the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) which currently contains access to more than 425 documented borehole and 165 active layer sites across both polar regions. In Alaska, two major series of boreholes exist within the GTN-P with observations dating back to the 1970s; the US Geological Survey deep boreholes (125 m) and the University of Alaska?s intermediate boreholes (100m). This effort will link approximately 80 Alaskan boreholes with sites of observations in other countries in Northern Eurasia, and in so doing will initiate the International Network of Permafrost Observatories (INPO). This work will coordinate data collection using standard equipment and protocols at the Alaskan borehole sites and at a selected number of sites in Russia. The Alaskan and Eurasian borehole temperature data sets will provide the baseline to reconstruct past surface temperatures, to assess the future rates of change in near-surface permafrost temperatures and permafrost boundaries, and to provide spatial data for validation of climate scenario models and temperature reanalysis approaches.This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).