III: Small: Do-It-Yourself forms-driven workflow web applications

新兴的DIY数据库驱动的Web应用程序项目旨在(1)使非程序员能够快速构建定制的数据管理和工作流应用程序，以及(2)促进应用程序所有者和程序员之间的一种新的交互模式。他们的受益者是需要长尾Web应用程序的组织，这些组织无法负担参与传统代码开发过程所需的时间和金钱。Do-It-Your平台必须最大化两个指标，这两个指标呈现出内在的权衡：规范的简单性和应用程序范围，这是可以使用平台构建的应用程序的类别的特征-S规范机制。该提案引入了两个具有有趣的权衡功能的范围。也就是说，在“All-SQL”作用域和(更有限的)“表单驱动的工作流”作用域中，每个应用程序页面都由一个报表(由嵌套查询建模)和报表上下文中的表单和操作组成，从而导致更新。这些限制实际上对范围的影响很小，但它们能够实现简单的规范和自动优化，在提案中进行了研究，例如：1.通过使用依赖于有限模型中捕获的约束的信息论标准在候选对象之间进行选择来自动创建报告。通过分析更新和查询之间的依赖关系，将应用程序总结为工作流规范。反之亦然，该提案展示了简单的工作流原语如何转化为查询(报表)和更新(表单和动作)。提案还提供了一个无限的Web应用程序模型，其中程序员引入代码组件，并通过查询和更新将它们与有限的部分交互。所提出的数据库驱动的Web应用程序模型将影响计算机科学(CS)和非CS学生的教育，这些学生需要在更高的概念水平上理解Web应用程序。有关更多信息，请参见http://www.db.ucsd.edu/forward的项目网页

Emerging Do-It-Yourself database-driven web applicationprojoect aims to (1) enable non-programmers to rapidly build customdata management and workflow applications and (2) to promotea novel pattern of interaction between application owners andprogrammers. Their beneficiaries are organizations, in need of long tailweb applications, that cannot afford the time and money needed toengage into the conventional code development process.Do-It-Yourself platforms must maximize two metrics that presentan inherent trade-off: the simplicity of specification and theapplication scope, which characterizes the class of applicationsthat can be built using the platform?s specification mechanism.The proposal introduces two scopes with interesting trade-offfeatures. Namely, in the "All-SQL" scope and the (more limited)"forms-driven workflows" scope each application page consistsof a report (modeled by a nested query) and forms and actions in thereport's context, leading to updates. The limitations have practicallyminor effects on the scope but they enable simple specification andautomatic optimizations, studied in the proposal, such as:1. automatic creation of reports by choosing between the candidatesusing information theoretic criteria relying on constraints captured inthe limited models.2. summarization of applications as workflow specifications byanalyzing the dependencies between updates and queries. Vice versa,the proposal shows how simple workflow primitives translate to queries(reports) and updates (forms and actions).The proposal also provides an unlimited model of web applications,where programmers introduce code components and interface themwith the "limited" part via queries and updates.The proposed models of database-driven web applications will impactthe education of both Computer Science (CS) and non-CS studentsthat need to comprehend web applications at a high conceptual level.For further information see the project web page athttp://www.db.ucsd.edu/forward