CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Abstraction of Cyber-Physical Interplays and Its Application to CPS Design

本研究的目的是发展一种抽象，通过这种抽象，网络物理系统中的受控过程和计算状态都可以用一种形式表示，这种形式有助于跨实时任务调度和控制驱动域的决策。方法是根据响应时间来量化控制退化，从而将计算机响应性与受控过程性能联系起来，并使用这样的成本函数来有效地管理计算资源。同样，控制策略可以调整，以响应计算状态。无人驾驶飞机将被用来演示我们的方法。这项研究的智力价值在于它采用了不同的领域，控制和计算，并在计算到控制和控制到计算的方向上建立了正式的抽象。这些抽象以物理现实（例如，时间、燃料、能量）为基础，并以每个领域可理解和有意义的形式封装了其他领域的相关属性。这项研究很重要，因为信息物理系统在各行各业中发挥着越来越大的作用。它将使设计方法变得系统和有效，而不是临时的。它是基于我们之前的大量工作，这些工作已经开始成功地弥合了控制和计算机科学工程社区之间的代表性和算法差距。成果将通过我们大学的课程、教学材料、研究和教程出版物以及行业合作（例如，通用汽车研发）的方式传播。计划是雇用少数民族/女学生。

The objective of this research is to develop abstractions by which the controlled process and computation state in a cyber-physical system can both be expressed in a form that is useful for decision-making across real-time task scheduling and control actuation domains. The approach is to quantify the control degradation in terms of response time, thereby tying computer responsiveness to the controlled process performance and use such cost functions to effectively manage computational resources. Similarly, control strategies can be adjusted so as to be responsive to computational state. Unmanned aircraft will be used as vehicles to demonstrate our approach.The intellectual merit of this research is that it takes disparate fields, control and computation, and builds formal abstractions in both the computation-to-control and control-to-computation directions. These abstractions are grounded in terms of physical reality (e.g., time, fuel, energy) and encapsulate in a form comprehensible and meaningful to each domain, the relevant attributes of the other domain. This research is important because cyber-physical systems are playing an increasing role in all walks of life. It will allow design approaches to be systematic and efficient rather than ad hoc. It is based on a large body of our prior work that has begun to successfully bridge the representational and algorithmic gap that separates the control and computer science & engineering communities. Dissemination of results will be by means of courses in our universities, instructional materials, research and tutorial publications and industry collaboration (e.g., General Motors R&D). The plan is to hire minority/female students.