Learning Modules to Enhance Understanding of Animal Development

生物科学（61）：这一系列动画学习模块旨在使动物发育的过程和机制对生物学本科生透明。 模块设计遵循教学最佳实践，将复杂的3D开发过程解析为可访问的部分，其中文本，语音，动画和形成性评估都结合在一起。通过在每个模块中定期使用多项选择题、匹配问题、数据排序和排序问题进行评估。在使用每个评估工具后立即提供有针对性的反馈。 这些模块要求学生在观看动画片段之前预测他们期望看到的内容。这些模块的用户遵循一条学习路径，在该路径中，他们定义期望、观察事件、评估解释并做出新的预测。该模块包含许多元素，包括上下文信息、动画可视化、探究脚本、形成性反馈循环、书面解释、文档工具和总结性评估工具。该项目的智力价值在于学习模块的规定性。他们专注于动物的发展，但每个模块的学习目标是学科特定的。对生物体发育的事件和机制的理解是生物学中许多领域的核心（介绍生物学，生殖发生学，进化生物学，发育生物学，宏观进化，分子生物学，进化发育和无脊椎动物/脊椎动物动物学），但使用发育信息的方式差异很大。在胚胎发生学中，共有的特征表明共同的祖先，而在发育生物学中，形态变化与基因表达相关。通过围绕最先进的，生物学上准确的动画与不同的学习挑战，学生面临的挑战是分析不同背景下的发展，而不是记住形态序列。该项目旨在产生广泛的影响，因为学习模块是为来自许多不同学习领域的用户打包的，包括高级和低级课程，并为教师提供学习脚本。为了确保材料得到适当的指导，来自代表性不足的STEM团体的学生在模块制定过程中对内容和设计进行了批评。该模块的开发人员包括学生，教师在研究型大学和社区学院，动画师，以及书面和视觉教育材料的专业评估。这些单元的学习价值首先在当地进行评估，以便根据需要进行改进;然而，通过适当选择的描述符在网上传播，地球仪各地的学生、教师和有关各方都可以方便地访问。

Biological Sciences (61):This series of animated learning modules is designed to make the processes and mechanisms of animal development transparent to undergraduate students in biology. Module design follows pedagogical best practices by parsing the complex 3D process of development into accessible sections where text, voice, animation, and formative assessment are all combined. Assessment occurs through regular use of multiple choice questions, matching questions, data sorting and ordering questions, throughout each module. Targeted feedback is provided immediately after each assessment tool is used. The modules require students to predict what they expect to see before viewing animation segments. Users of the modules follow a learning path in which they define expectations, observe events, assess interpretation, and make new predictions. There are many elements to the modules including contextual information, animated visualization, inquiry scripts, a formative feedback loop, written explanation, a documentation tool, and summative assessment instruments.The intellectual merit of the project lies in the prescriptive nature of the learning modules. They are focused around animal development, but the learning goals of each module are discipline specific. An understanding of events and mechanisms of organismal development is central to many areas within biology (introductory biology, phylogeny, evolutionary biology, developmental biology, macroevolution, molecular biology, evolutionary development, and invertebrate/vertebrate zoology), but the way in which developmental information is used varies greatly. In phylogeny, shared features indicate shared ancestry whereas in developmental biology, morphological change is correlated with gene expression. By surrounding state-of-the-art, biologically accurate animations with different sets of learning challenges, students are challenged to analyze development in different contexts, rather than to memorize morphological sequences. This project is designed to have a broad impact because the learning modules are packaged for users from many different areas of study, in both upper and lower division courses, and feature a learning script for instructors. To ensure that the materials are appropriately directed, students from underrepresented STEM groups are critiquing content and design during module formulation. The module developers include students, faculty at a research university and a community college, animators, and professional evaluators of written and visual educational materials. The learning value of the modules are being assessed locally first so that improvements can be made as needed; however,web dissemination with properly selected descriptors permits easy access for students, faculty, and interested parties around the globe.