Labour market policy and poverty in the US - An analysis based on Fokker-Planck equations

七国集团国家对贫困的定义是家庭收入低于国家中位数的60%。文献强调，一般来说，贫困也是由劳动力市场转型造成的，特别是失业救济和社会保障制度。这个项目的目标是通过开发和使用创新的方法来理解这种联系。该假设将使用拜耳和Wälde和Lise开发的理论背景进行探索。拜耳和Wälde开发了一个匹配和储蓄的模型，该模型允许在DSGE（动态随机一般均衡）模型中研究失业救济与财富和收入分配之间的联系。它也考虑了内生的工资分散，但忽略了一般均衡的考虑。为了获得定量结果，将对Bayer和Wälde的模型进行数值求解和校准。校准使用来自美国的数据。数值解将首先通过直接求解凯恩斯-拉姆齐规则来利用拜耳和Wälde中的存在性证明。然后我们求解描述财富随时间分布的福克-普朗克方程。我们考虑到一般均衡效应，在最后阶段，我们扩展了Lise中工资分配的设置。

Poverty defined as family income below 60% of the median in a country differs a lot among G7 countries. The literature stresses that poverty is also caused by labour market transitions in general and the unemployment benefit and social security system in particular. It is the objective of this project to understand this link by developing and using innovative methods. The hypothesis will be explored using the theoretical background developed by Bayer and Wälde and Lise. Bayer and Wälde develop a model of matching and saving which allows to study the link between unemployment benefits and the distribution of wealth and income in a DSGE (dynamic stochastic general equilibrium) model. Lise also allows for endogenous wage dispersion but neglects general equilibrium considerations. To obtain quantitative results, the model by Bayer and Wälde will be solved numerically and calibrated. Calibration uses data from the US as in Lise. The numerical solution will first exploit the existence proof in Bayer and Wälde by directly solving the Keynes-Ramsey rules. We then solve the Fokker-Planck equations which describe the distribution of wealth over time. We take general equilibrium effects into account and, in the final phase, we extend the setup for a distribution of wages as in Lise.