CGV: Small: Collaborative Research: From Virtual to Real

从虚拟到现实Wojciech Matusik、MIT和Hanspeter Pfister、哈佛大学新颖和创新的数字输出设备，如立体电视、无源（电子墨水）显示器和3D打印机，正在进入大众市场。他们正在迅速提高质量，降低价格。这一趋势使用户能够以前所未有的方式消费和制作数字媒体。然而，尽管在这些输出设备的硬件开发方面已经有了巨大的进步，但是所提供的数字内容创建软件、算法和工具在很大程度上还没有得到开发。例如，创建动画计算机图形角色的3D硬拷贝远远超出了消费者的能力范围，并且使用多材料3D打印机来近似角色的外观和变形行为对于专业人员来说是困难的，甚至可能是不可能的。主要问题是缺乏对输出的准确预览，具有类似功能的设备之间缺乏标准化，以及缺乏从虚拟（即，计算机模型）到真实的（即，这项研究涉及一个完整的过程和软件框架的发展，允许从抽象的计算机模型转移到他们的物理对应有效和准确。设计该过程提出了以下基本的计算挑战：（1）可以预测输出的属性和行为而无需物理生成输出的准确且有效的仿真方法;（2）计算描述给定设备的物理可实现输出的输出色域的有效方法;（3）将抽象计算机模型转换为设备色域中的可实现点的通用色域映射算法;以及（4）允许在色域映射算法期间比较不同输出元素的精确感知度量。这项研究的重点是两类新兴的重要输出设备：多视图自动立体显示器和多材料3D打印机。该研究正在创建一个完整的通用软件架构，将支持现有和未来的输出设备。

From Virtual to RealWojciech Matusik, MIT, and Hanspeter Pfister, Harvard UniversityNovel and innovative digital output devices, such as stereoscopic TVs, passive (e-Ink) displays, and 3D printers, are entering the mass market. They are rapidly improving in quality and decreasing in price. This trend empowers users to consume and produce digital media like never before. However, while there has been tremendous progress in the hardware development of these output devices, the provided digital content creation software, algorithms, and tools are largely underdeveloped. For example, creating a 3D hardcopy of an animated computer graphics character is well beyond the reach of consumers, and to approximate the character's appearance and deformation behavior using multi-material 3D printers is difficult or perhaps even impossible for professionals. The main issues are a lack of accurate previews of how the output will look like, a lack of standardization between devices with similar capabilities, and a lack of accurate conversion tools and algorithms to go from the virtual (i.e., the computer model) to the real (i.e., the physical output).This research involves the development of a complete process and software framework that allows moving from abstract computer models to their physical counterparts efficiently and accurately. Designing this process is posing the following fundamental computational challenges: (1) accurate and efficient simulation methods that can predict the properties and behavior of an output without physically generating it; (2) efficient methods to compute an output gamut that describe physically-realizable outputs for a given device; (3) general gamut mapping algorithms that convert abstract computer models to realizable points in the device gamut; and (4) accurate perceptual metrics that allow comparing different output elements during the gamut mapping algorithm. This research is focusing on two emerging classes of important output devices: multi-view auto-stereoscopic displays and multi-material 3D printers. The research is creating a complete and general software architecture that will support both existing and future output devices.