Collaborative Research: Investigating Upper Pleistocene Rapid Climate Change using Continuous, Ultra-High-Resolution Aerosol and Gas Measurements in the WAIS Divide Ice Core

该奖项支持一个项目，该项目使用前所未有的气溶胶和连续气体（甲烷，一氧化碳）测量南极西部冰盖（WAIS）划分冰芯的最深处，以调查在晚更新世长达约60,000年的海洋同位素第三阶段期间南极洲的快速气候变化。这些分析与其他分析相结合，将利用WAIS分水岭冰芯的高积雪量，得出这一时期南极深层冰芯中最高的冰川化学和气体时间分辨率记录。该研究将扩展已经资助的离散气体测量，并扩展目前资助的在WAIS分水岭冰芯上的连续气溶胶测量，从距今~25,000年到~60,000年，跨越海因里希事件3至6年和南极同位素极大期（AIM，对应北半球Dansgaard-Oeschger）事件3至14年。加上其他高分辨率的格陵兰岩芯和低分辨率的南极岩芯，综合记录将对全球气候动力学和突变产生新的见解。这项工作的智力价值在于，它将用于解决WAIS Divide项目的科学目标，包括鉴定反映中低纬度气候和大气环流模式的粉尘和生物质燃烧示踪剂，如黑碳和一氧化碳，以及这些来源的沉降物影响海洋和陆地生物地球化学循环。同样，海盐和海洋生产力示踪剂反映了海冰范围、海洋初级生产力、海洋以上风速和大气环流的变化。火山示踪剂解决了北部、热带和南部气候之间的关系，以及南极西部冰盖的稳定性和海平面变化。当与来自WAIS Divide的其他气体记录相结合时，这里开发的记录将改变对南极、南半球和全球气候快速变化的中低纬度驱动因素及其变化时间的理解。这项工作的更广泛影响是，它将通过扩展连续冰芯分析技术来加强基础设施，培训学生并支持两个美国机构（DRI和OSU）之间的合作。所有数据将提供给科学界和公众，并将包括参与WAIS Divide外展计划。广泛的研究生和本科生参与计划。根据长期的记录，招生将从代表性不足的群体中进行。通过与全球和辐射建模社区、nesta相关和其他教育推广工作以及公开讲座的合作，将实现广泛的推广。这个拟议的项目不需要在南极进行实地工作。

McConnell/1142166This award supports a project to use unprecedented aerosol and continuous gas (methane, carbon monoxide) measurements of the deepest section of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide ice core to investigate rapid climate changes in Antarctica during the ~60,000 year long Marine Isotope Stage 3 period of the late Pleistocene. These analyses, combined with others, will take advantage of the high snow accumulation of the WAIS Divide ice core to yield the highest time resolution glaciochemical and gas record of any deep Antarctic ice core for this time period. The research will expand already funded discrete gas measurements and extend currently funded continuous aerosol measurements on the WAIS Divide ice core from ~25,000 to ~60,000 years before present, spanning Heinrich events 3 to 6 and Antarctic Isotope Maximum (AIM, corresponding to the Northern Hemisphere Dansgaard-Oeschger) events 3 to 14. With other high resolution Greenland cores and lower resolution Antarctic cores, the combined record will yield new insights into worldwide climate dynamics and abrupt change. The intellectual merit of the work is that it will be used to address the science goals of the WAIS Divide project including the identification of dust and biomass burning tracers such as black carbon and carbon monoxide which reflect mid- and low-latitude climate and atmospheric circulation patterns, and fallout from these sources affects marine and terrestrial biogeochemical cycles. Similarly, sea salt and ocean productivity tracers reflect changes in sea ice extent, marine primary productivity, wind speeds above the ocean, and atmospheric circulation. Volcanic tracers address the relationship between northern, tropical, and southern climates as well as stability of the West Antarctic ice sheet and sea level change. When combined with other gas records from WAIS Divide, the records developed here will transform understanding of mid- and low-latitude drivers of Antarctic, Southern Hemisphere, and global climate rapid changes and the timing of such changes. The broader impacts of the work are that it will enhance infrastructure through expansion of continuous ice core analytical techniques, train students and support collaboration between two U.S. institutions (DRI and OSU). All data will be made available to the scientific community and the public and will include participation the WAIS Divide Outreach Program. Extensive graduate and undergraduate student involvement is planned. Student recruitment will be made from under-represented groups building on a long track record. Broad outreach will be achieved through collaborations with the global and radiative modeling communities, NESTA-related and other educational outreach efforts, and public lectures. This proposed project does not require field work in the Antarctic.